沼气工程智能监控技术及智能控制系统构建探讨  

Discussion on intelligent monitoring technology of biogas engineering and construction of intelligent control system

作　　者：孟海波 李建南 冯晶 叶炳南 李佩琪 徐晗 MENG Haibo;LI Jiannan;FENG Jing;YE Bingnan;LI Peiqi;XU Han(Engineering College,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University,Daqing 163000,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]农业农村部规划设计研究院农业农村部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京100125

出　　处：《环境工程》2025年第1期185-194,共10页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：农业农村部规划设计研究院废弃物能源化利用创新团队(CXTD-2021-10);农业农村部规划设计研究院“青年人才”项目(QYNC-2021-05)。

摘　　要：沼气工程是一项以开发利用养殖粪污为对象,实现农业生态良性循环的农村能源工程。智能化监控技术可以通过采集和监控沼气工程运行过程中各项指标来提高工程运行的稳定性。对沼气工程的主要监测技术、自动化控制技术及其装备研发应用进行了分析,结果表明:沼气工程监控制技术目前存在监测指标不完善、传感器使用寿命低、自动化程度低等问题;为进一步提升沼气工程智能化水平,还应对发酵过程机理进行深入研究,研发、改进适用于实际沼气工程高精度、高寿命的监测传感器,推动物联网等技术在实际工程的应用,提高智能化运行效率。并基于对沼气工程监控技术的梳理,结合当下相对成熟的技术,以PLC控制系统为例构建了一套可靠、可行、低成本易于推广的沼气工程智能监控系统,为沼气工程智能化监控技术提供了参考。Biogas engineering is a rural energy project aiming at developing and utilizing livestock manure to achieve a virtuous cycle of agricultural ecology.Intelligent monitoring technology can improve the stability of engineering operations by collecting and monitoring various indicators during the operation process of biogas engineering.This article analyzes the main monitoring technologies,automation control technologies,and equipment research and development applications of biogas engineering.The results indicate that the monitoring and control technology of biogas engineering currently has problems such as incomplete monitoring indicators system,low sensor service life,and low automation level;to further improve the intelligence level of biogas engineering,in-depth research should be conducted on the fermentation process mechanism,and the development of high-precision and long-life monitoring sensors suitable for practical biogas engineering should be improved.The application of emerging network technologies such as animal networking in practical engineering should be promoted to improve the efficiency of intelligent operation.Based on the review of biogas engineering monitoring technology,combined with the current relatively mature technology,this paper took the PLC control system as an example to build a set of reliable,feasible,low-cost,and easy to promote biogas engineering intelligent monitoring systems, to build a set of intelligent biogas engineering monitoringsystems to achieve the monitoring of various indicators of the biogas engineering system, automatic feeding, heating, stirring,etc. The operation stability of the whole system is improved, which provides a reference for the intelligent monitoringtechnology of biogas engineering.

关 键 词：沼气工程 厌氧发酵 智能化 监测 传感器 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]