地下车库PM_(2.5)污染特征及重金属健康风险评价  

Pollution characteristics of PM_(2.5) and health risk assessment of heavy metals in underground garage

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作  者:禇旭 陈慧明 姚晓红 张健 龙超[1] CHU XuCHEN Huiming;YAO Xiaohong;ZHANG Jian;LONG Chao(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China;School of Environment and Ecology,Jiangsu Open University,Nanjing,210019,China)

机构地区:[1]南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京210023 [2]江苏开放大学环境生态学院,南京210019

出  处:《环境化学》2025年第2期558-566,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基  金:江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20220786);江苏省高等学校自然科学基金(21KJD610002);污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室开放基金(PCRRF21030)资助.

摘  要:地下车库广泛应用于现代建筑中,其内部的颗粒物污染情况及其健康风险值得深入研究.本研究以南京某地下车库为研究对象,监测了地下车库空气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))污染情况,分析了车库内PM_(2.5)及其中重金属元素(Pb、Cr、Cu、As、Ni、Cd、Co、Mn)的浓度变化规律和时空分布特征,评价了车库PM_(2.5)中重金属对工作人员和停车用户两种人群的吸入健康风险.研究表明,车库日平均PM_(2.5)质量浓度为(42.12±13.64)μg·m^(−3),浓度变化范围为26.62—66.70μg·m^(−3);五一假期地下车库PM_(2.5)污染相对较小,工作日和休息日的平均PM_(2.5)质量浓度区别不大;车库颗粒物污染贡献:环境背景>车库使用频率>车库通风问题.车库PM_(2.5)中测定重金属的平均总质量浓度为0.082μg·m^(−3),决定非致癌和致癌风险的重金属分别为Mn和Cr.车库重金属非致癌风险处于安全水平(HI<1),致癌风险对工作人员达到高概率水平(ILCR_(total)=1.47×10^(−5)),对停车用户也不应完全忽略.The particulate matter pollution inside underground garages commonly used in modern buildings and its related health risks deserve in-depth research.This study took an underground garage in Nanjing as the research subject,monitored the air pollution of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))within the garage,analyzed the concentration variations and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) as well as its heavy metal elements(Pb,Cr,Cu,As,Ni,Cd,Co,Mn),and evaluated the inhalation health risks of heavy metals in the garage PM_(2.5) to both workers and parking users.The results show that the overall daily mean mass concentration of PM_(2.5) in the garage was(42.12±13.64)μg·m^(−3),falling within the range of 26.62 to 66.70μg·m^(−3).Notably,the levels of PM_(2.5) pollution in the underground garage during the May Day holiday test were relatively low,and there was no significant difference in the average PM_(2.5) mass concentration between working days and rest days.The relative contribution to garage particle pollution was as follows:environmental background>garage use frequency>garage ventilation issues.The mean total mass concentration of heavy metals detected in PM_(2.5) within the garage was 0.082μg·m^(−3).Notably,Cr and Mn were the specific heavy metals associated with carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks,respectively.The non-carcinogenic risks posed by heavy metals within the garage remained within safe levels(HI<1).Conversely,the carcinogenic risks reached a high probability level(ILCR_(total)=1.47×10^(−5))and warrant careful consideration for workers,and it should not be entirely ignored for users.

关 键 词:地下车库 PM_(2.5) 重金属 健康风险评价 

分 类 号:X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]

 

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