碱渣资源化制备微纳无水硫酸钙晶须  

Preparation of micro/nano anhydrous calcium sulfate whiskers from alkali waste

作　　者：吕杨杨 宗宇凯 黄寿强 葛冬冬 蒋敏 LYU Yangyang;ZONG Yukai;HUANG Shouqiang;GE Dongdong;JIANG Min(Shandong Guoshun Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,250014,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou,213001,China)

机构地区：[1]山东国舜建设集团有限公司,济南250014 [2]江苏理工学院资源与环境工程学院,常州213001

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第2期628-637,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52370078,51872129);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20211360)资助.

摘　　要：碱渣是氨碱法制纯碱产生的废渣,资源化利用程度低.本研究以碱渣为原料,采用常温酸化法制备微纳无水硫酸钙(CaSO_(4))晶须.实验中首先引入不同种类的表面活性剂制备无水CaSO_(4)晶须,以其平均径向尺寸为主要考察指标,确定最佳表面活性剂,并在此基础上研究煅烧温度、反应时间、表面活性剂用量等参数对CaSO_(4)晶须平均径向尺寸的影响,确定最佳制备工艺条件.结果表明:碱渣主要组分为CaCO_(3),其它杂质含量低,碱渣颗粒粒度细且存在少量的纤维状CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O,有利于作为晶种形成微纳CaSO_(4)晶须;最佳制备条件为20%丙三醇表面活性剂、反应时间45 min、煅烧温度500℃,所得无水CaSO_(4)晶须平均径向尺寸为540 nm,平均长度为2.4μm,中值粒径(D50)为572 nm,CaSO_(4)的纯度达到99.8%,在有机聚合物、水泥等材料的改性中具有应用前景.Alkali waste is produced by the ammonia alkali method of soda production,with a low degree of resource utilization.In this study,alkali waste was taken as the raw material,and micro/nano anhydrous calcium sulfate(CaSO_(4))whiskers were prepared by a sulfuric acid precipitation method at room temperature.In the experiments,different surfactants were added to prepare anhydrous CaSO_(4) whiskers and the average radial dimension was used as the main parameter to determine the optimal surfactant.Then the effects of calcination temperature,reaction time,and the dosage of surfactant on the average radial dimension of CaSO_(4) whiskers were studied to obtain the optimal preparation conditions.The results showed that:(1)The main component of the alkali waste was CaCO_(3) and the content of other impurities was very low;The particle size of the alkali waste was fine and there was a small amount of fibrous CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O,which can be used as the crystal seeds for the formation of micro/nano CaSO_(4) whiskers;(2)The optimal preparation parameters are as follows:adding 20%glycerol as surfactant,reaction time was 45 min,and calcination temperature was 500°C.Under the optimal condition,the prepared anhydrous CaSO_(4) whiskers had an average radial dimension of 540 nm,average length of 2.4μm,and median size(D50)of 572 nm.The purity of CaSO_(4) reached 99.8%,which has application prospects in the modification of organic polymers,cement,and other materials.

关 键 词：碱渣 资源化 常温酸化法 硫酸钙晶须 纳米材料 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]