硫化砷渣与高炉瓦斯灰协同处理分离提取锌和砷的工艺研究  

Extraction of arsenic and zinc by coprocessing of arsenic sulfide slag and blast furnace dust

作　　者：邱文顺 陈萃[2] QIU Wenshun;CHEN Cui(Yunnan Tin Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650021,China;CINF Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410019,China)

机构地区：[1]云南锡业股份有限公司,云南昆明650021 [2]长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410019

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2025年第1期149-156,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：有色金属火法冶炼污酸处理过程中产生的硫化砷渣及钢铁冶炼过程中产生的瓦斯灰,均属于危险废物,现有处理方法存在工艺流程长、资源化低等问题。为此,本文提出了采用固硫焙烧-选矿联合工艺处理硫化砷渣和瓦斯灰的方法,该方法将含As_(2)S_(3)的硫化砷渣和主要含ZnO的瓦斯灰低温还原固硫焙烧,可一步产出金属砷和硫化锌,后续通过重选和浮选得到金属砷和硫化锌精矿。本文先对工艺的可行性进行了热力学分析,并采用单因素条件试验,考察了焙烧温度、时间、瓦斯灰理论用量对砷生成和固硫效果的影响,得到以下主要结论。固硫焙烧-选矿协同处理硫化砷渣和瓦斯灰的优化工艺条件为焙烧温度600℃、反应时间2 h、瓦斯灰中ZnO用量为固硫所需理论量的1.4倍,此条件下固硫率为93.64%,金属砷生成率可达90.25%;该工艺实现了硫化砷渣和瓦斯灰的短流程协同高效处理,综合回收利用其中的金属砷和锌,并且硫化渣原料中的绝大部分硫被固定,是一种环境友好型的二次资源清洁利用和处置工艺,可在硫化砷危废减量化应用上推广。The arsenic sulfide residue generated during the pyrometallurgical treatment of non-ferrous metal smelting wastewater acid and the blast furnace gas ash produced during steel smelting are both classified as hazardous waste.Existing treatment methods suffer from issues such as lengthy processes and low resource recovery efficiency.To address these challenges,this study proposes a co-treatment method for arsenic sulfide residue and blast furnace gas ash using a sulfur fixation roasting-beneficiation combined process.This method involves low-temperature reduction and sulfur fixation roasting of arsenic sulfide residue(containing As_(2)S_(3)) and blast furnace gas ash(primarily containing ZnO),enabling the one-step production of metallic arsenic and zinc sulfide.Subsequent gravity separation and flotation yield metallic arsenic and zinc sulfide concentrate.The feasibility of the process was first analyzed thermodynamically.Single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of roasting temperature,time,and theoretical dosage of blast furnace gas ash on arsenic generation and sulfur fixation efficiency.The main conclusions are as follows.The optimized conditions for the co-treatment of arsenic sulfide residue and blast furnace gas ash via sulfur fixation roasting-beneficiation are:roasting temperature of 600 ℃,reaction time of 2 h,and ZnO dosage in blast furnace gas ash at 1.4 times the theoretical requirement for sulfur fixation.Under these conditions,the sulfur fixation rate reaches 93.64%,and the metallic arsenic generation rate reaches 90.25%.This process achieves short-flow,efficient co-treatment of arsenic sulfide residue and blast furnace gas ash,enabling comprehensive recovery of metallic arsenic and zinc.Additionally,most of the sulfur in the raw materials is fixed,making this an environmentally friendly process for the clean utilization and disposal of secondary resources.It holds potential for application in the reduction and safe disposal of arsenic sulfide hazardous waste.

关 键 词：硫化砷渣 高炉瓦斯灰 协同处理 固硫焙烧-选矿 危废安全处置 危废资源化 砷、锌回收 

分 类 号：TF803.11[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]