基于水质指数法的南水北调中线干渠水质特征及驱动因素分析  

Water quality characteristics and driving factors of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfers Project based on water quality index method

作　　者：杜宣逸 林子雨 杨枫[2,3] DU Xuanyi;LIN Ziyu;YANG Feng(China South-to-North Water Diversion Corporation Eco-environmantal Protection Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 1oo012,China;State Key Laboratory of Enironmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国南水北调集团生态环保有限公司,北京100036 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技(中英文)》2024年第S2期1-7,15,共8页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：长江生态环境保护修复联合研究(第二期)(2022-LHYJ-02-05-02);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201500)。

摘　　要：采用水质指数法(waterquality index,IwQ)对南水北调中线干渠2016—2023年的水质进行深入分析,重点考察陶岔出库单元、南营村(豫一冀段)及惠南庄(冀一京段)三大流域单元。结果显示:干渠整体水质良好,但总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)为主要污染物,其中TN污染趋势尤为显著。2016—2023年,IwQ均值为37.77,水质类别主要为“优秀”和“良好”,分别占总体的31.56%和66.90%。在年际变化上,IwQ值呈现先降后升趋势,主要受TN和TP影响显著。回归分析表明:水质变化受工业废水排放、化肥施用量及生活污水排放等驱动因素影响较大。本研究指出控制TN和TP污染、加强非点源污染源排查与治理,是保障南水北调中线干渠水质安全的关键措施。This study conducted a thorough analysis of the water quality in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfers Project from 2016 to 2023 using the water quality Index(I wQ)method,focusing on three major watershed units:the Taocha Reservoir Outlet Unit,Nanying Village(Henan-Hebei Section),and Huinanzhuang(Hebei-Beijing Section).The results revealed that the overall water quality of the canal was good,with total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)identified as the primary pollutants,particularly TN,which showed a more pronounced trend of contamination.During the study period,the average Iwo was 37.77,with water quality categories primarily categorized as"Excellent"(31.56% of the total)and"Good"(66.90% of the total).In terms of interannual variations,the I wo values displayed a trend of initial decline followed by an increase,primarily influenced by significant changes in TN and TP levels.Regression analysis indicated that water quality variations were significantly driven by factors such as industrial wastewater discharge,chemical fertilizer application,and domestic sewage discharge.This study highlights that controlling TN and TP pollution and strengthening the investigation and management of pollution sources are crucial measures to ensure the water quality safety of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfers Project.

关 键 词：南水北调 水质评价 驱动因素分析 丹江口水库 水质指数法 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]