我国治疗脑卒中中成药上市品种及处方分析  

Varieties and Prescription Characteristics of Chinese Patent Medicines for Stroke in China

作　　者：张兢丹 孙婉萍[1] 林晓霞 张硕[1] 张雪 姚佳慧 刘一明 谢明[1] ZHANG Jingdan;SUN Wanping;LIN Xiaoxia;ZHANG Shuo;ZHANG Xue;YAO Jiahui;LIU Yiming;XIE Ming(College of Pharmacy,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第6期270-274,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82204629);中医药事业传承与发展中央直达补助专项(财社[2022]63号);辽宁中医药大学科学自然基金项目(2021LZY014)。

摘　　要：目的:该研究旨探讨我国治疗脑卒中中成药的上市品种及处方特点情况,探索治疗脑卒中的中医药规律,为进一步临床研究和中成药研发提供指导。方法:运用Excel 2021、古今医案云平台(V2.3.5)对我国已上市脑卒中中成药的品种与处方进行系统的挖掘分析。结果:最终纳入数据库的我国已经上市脑卒中中成药共有244个(同方不同剂型按2个计),中成药批文1736个,生产厂家792家,中成药保护品种83个;剂型占比前三的分别是胶囊剂75个、丸剂53个、片剂42个;《国家基本药物目录(2018年)》中有脑卒中中成药28个,《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录(2023年)》中有129个,《国家非处方药目录》中有4个。根据筛选得出的138个处方中,主要治疗中风气虚血瘀证的中成药占多数,药味频数最高前3味是川芎63次、地龙47次、丹参47次;药性以温,药味以辛,药物归经以肝为主;通过中药关联分析得出支持度最高的药对为黄芪-川芎,置信度最高的为红花-川芎。根据聚类分析得出5组药物配对组合。结论:治疗脑卒中中成药处方以治疗气虚血瘀证为主;药物主要涉及活血祛瘀、息风止痉等类别;药物配伍通常以活血化瘀、祛痰开窍为主。该研究梳理脑卒中中成药品种及处方特点,有助于优化临床决策、指导药品研发,并促进医学研究和科学进步,为脑卒中患者的治疗提供更加有效的支持和保障。Objective:To explore the listed varieties and prescription characteristics of Chinese patent medicines for stroke in China,explore the medication rules of Chinese medicine for stroke,and provide guidance for further clinical research and development of Chinese patent medicines.Methods:Excel 2021 and the Ancient and Modern Medical Record Cloud Platform(V2.3.5)were used to systematically mine and analyze the varieties and prescriptions of Chinese patent medicines for stroke in China.Results:A total of 244 Chinese patent medicines(two for different dosage forms of the same prescription),1736 approval documents for Chinese patent medicines,792 manufacturers,and 83 varieties of protected Chinese patent medicines were finally included in the database.The top three dosage forms were capsules(75),pills(53),and tablets(42).There were 28 Chinese patent medicines for stroke in the National Essential Drug Catalogue(2018),129 in the National Essential Medical Insurance,Industrial Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalogue(2023),and 4 in the National Non-prescription Drug Catalogue.Among the 138 prescriptions screened out,Chinese patent medicines mainly treated stroke patients with the syndrome of Qi deficiency and blood stasis.The top three most frequent medicinal herbs were Chuanxiong Rhizoma(63),Pheretima(47),and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(47).The medicinal herbs used were mainly warm,pungent,with the meridian tropism to the liver meridian.The correlation analysis showed that the herb pair with the highest support was Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma,and that with the highest confidence was Carthami Flos-Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Five herb combinations were identified based on the cluster analysis.Conclusion:The Chinese patent medicines for stroke mainly treat patients with the syndrome of Qi deficiency and blood stasis.The medicinal herbs used in the prescriptions mainly have the functions of activating blood and resolving stasis,extinguishing wind and stopping convulsions.Drug compatibility usually foc

关 键 词：脑卒中 中成药 药品目录 关联分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：R289[医药卫生—方剂学] R194[医药卫生—中药学] R743.2[医药卫生—中医学]