中药通过调节NLRP3炎症小体治疗急性肺损伤的研究进展  

Traditional Chinese Medicine Treats Acute Lung Injury by Modulating NLRP3 Inflammasome:A Review

作　　者：孟娇娇 刘蕾[1] 付玉琪 孙晖[1] 闫广利[1] 孔玲[1] 韩莹[1] 王喜军[1] MENG Jiaojiao;LIU Lei;FU Yuqi;SUN Hui;YAN Guangli;KONG Ling;HAN Ying;WANG Xijun(State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine,Chinmedomics Research Center of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,经方与现代中药融合创新全国重点实验室,国家中医药管理局中医方证代谢组学研究中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第6期292-301,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(2022ZX02C04)。

摘　　要：急性肺损伤是临床常见的极危重症之一,发病率和死亡率极高,严重威胁人类生命健康。急性肺损伤发病机制复杂,其中炎症反应是关键因素。研究表明NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体通过促炎、增加微血管通透性、募集中性粒细胞、氧化应激和焦亡等机制参与急性肺损伤,在急性肺损伤中的发生和发展中起着重要作用。因此调节NLRP3炎症小体,抑制炎症因子的释放,可有效改善急性肺损伤的损伤程度。目前,临床上对于急性肺损伤的治疗大多采用机械通气和氧气治疗等手段,但存在费用高昂和预后疗效差等问题。近年来大量研究表明,中药可通过调节NLRP3炎症小体,减轻炎症反应,减少氧化应激和焦亡的发生,进而降低急性肺损伤的损伤程度及致死率。该文基于近年来的相关文献,对中药通过调节NLRP3炎症小体治疗急性肺损伤的研究进展进行综述,探讨NLRP3炎症小体如何参与急性肺损伤,总结调节NLRP3炎症小体的中药活性成分和提取物及中药复方,以期为急性肺损伤的临床治疗和药物研发提供新的思路。Acute lung injury(ALI)is one of the most common and critical diseases in clinical practice,with extremely high morbidity and mortality,seriously threatening human life and health.The pathogenesis of ALI is complex,in which the inflammatory response is a key factor.Studies have shown that NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasomes are involved in ALI through mechanisms such as inflammation induction,increased microvascular permeability,recruitment of neutrophils,oxidative stress,and pyroptosis,playing a key role in the occurrence and progression of ALI.Therefore,regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors can alleviate the damage in ALI.At present,ALI is mainly treated by mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy,which have problems such as high costs and poor prognosis.In recent years,studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can reduce the inflammatory response and the occurrence of oxidative stress and pyroptosis by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome,thus alleviating the damage and decreasing the mortality of ALI.Based on the relevant literature in recent years,this article reviews the research progress in TCM treatment of ALI by regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes,discusses how NLRP3 inflammasomes participate in ALI,and summarizes the active ingredients,extracts,and compound prescriptions of TCM that regulate NLRP3 inflammasomes,aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of ALI and the development of relevant drugs.

关 键 词：急性肺损伤 NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体 中药 综述 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学] R256[医药卫生—中医学] R277