压裂支撑剂在迂曲粗糙裂缝中运移沉降规律研究  

Study on migration and settlement rules of fracturing proppant in tortuous and rough fractures

作　　者：汪杰[1,2] 赵康佳 龚润璞 续化蕾 江厚顺 WANG Jie;ZHAO Kangjia;GONG Runpu;XU Hualei;JIANG Houshun(School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei;Hubei Key Laboratory of Drilling and Production Engineering for Oil and Gas(Yangtze University),Wuhan 430100,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室(长江大学),湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《长江大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期81-90,共10页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“页岩气藏压窜形成机理及暂堵转向对策研究”(52274028)。

摘　　要：支撑剂在裂缝内充分铺置是影响压裂增产效果的关键因素。目前,关于支撑剂在裂缝中运移与沉降规律的研究多以光滑平直裂缝模型为基础,较少同时考虑裂缝迂曲和粗糙对支撑剂运移沉降的影响。为进一步揭示支撑剂在迂曲粗糙裂缝中的运移沉降趋势,首先借助物理实验研究光滑平板裂缝内支撑剂运移沉降行为规律,进一步建立迂曲粗糙裂缝模型,探究迂曲粗糙裂缝内支撑剂运移沉降变化趋势。结果表明,光滑单一平板裂缝中支撑剂粒径越大,越有利于在裂缝内沉降;中大粒径支撑剂更容易在分支裂缝入口附近堆积。增大注入速度,光滑平板裂缝中支撑剂运移距离变远,更有利于支撑剂进入分支裂缝和主裂缝深处沉降。在迂曲粗糙裂缝中,支撑剂粒径越大受迂曲粗糙裂缝结构的阻碍影响越明显,大粒径支撑剂容易在裂缝前中段堆积造成堵塞;增大注入速度能够有效降低迂曲粗糙结构对支撑剂堵塞的影响。研究结果揭示了不同施工因素对支撑剂在裂缝中运移沉降影响规律,为水力压裂工艺优化提供一定理论指导。The adequate placement of proppant within fractures is a critical factor affecting the fracturing stimulation.Currently,research on the migration and settlement of proppant within fractures predominantly relies on smooth and straight fracture models,with limited studies considering the combined effects of fracture tortuosity and roughness on proppant behavior.To further elucidate the migration and settling trends of proppant in tortuous and rough fractures,we first conducted physical experiments to investigate the migration and settling behavior of proppant in smooth plate fractures.Subsequently,we established a tortuous rough fracture model to explore the variations in proppant migration and settling trends within these fractures.The results indicate that in a smooth,single plate fracture,larger proppant sizes are more conducive to settling within the fracture;medium to large-sized proppant tend to settle near the entrances of branching fractures.Increasing the injection velocity enhances the migration distance of proppant in smooth plate fractures,facilitating their entry into both branching fractures and deeper sections of the main fracture.In tortuous rough fractures,the influence of the tortuous rough fracture structure becomes more pronounced with larger proppant sizes,resulting in significant accumulation and potential blockage in the mid-section of the fracture.Furthermore,increasing the injection velocity effectively mitigates the impact of the tortuous rough structure on proppant blockage.The findings reveal the effects of various operational factors on proppant migration and settling within fractures,providing theoretical guidance for the optimization of hydraulic fracturing processes.

关 键 词：支撑剂运移沉降 物理实验 迂曲粗糙裂缝 单一裂缝 交叉裂缝 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]