圆柱滚子轴承外圈耦合自激振动与噪声特性  

Self-Excited Coupling Vibration of Outer Rings and Noise Characteristics of Cylindrical Roller Bearings

作　　者：李海江 王伟程 袁波 郭四洲 梅荣海 LI Haijiang;WANG Weicheng;YUAN Bo;GUO Sizhou;MEI Ronghai(CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China;CRRC Technology Innovation(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电机有限公司,湖南株洲412000 [2]中车科技创新(北京)有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《轴承》2025年第3期26-30,共5页Bearing

摘　　要：基于轴承外圈自激振动产生尖锐噪声的假说,提出了一种圆柱滚子轴承外圈振动耦合的动力学建模方法,将外圈简化为理想弹性圆柱壳,计算滚子的载荷分布,以此为基础考虑滚子对外圈的作用建立外圈振动耦合动力学模型,基于复特征值法计算模型各阶模态的固有频率与稳定性,并进行试验验证,结果表明试验测得的噪声频谱峰值与模型计算结果一致,证明了模型的正确性,提出了可以通过优化润滑以及选择合适的轴承工作径向游隙有效抑制圆柱滚子轴承噪声。Based on hypothesis of sharp noise generated by self-excited vibration of outer rings of bearings,a dynamic modeling method is proposed for coupling vibration of outer rings of cylindrical roller bearings.The outer rings are simplified as ideal elastic cylindrical shells,and the load distribution of rollers is calculated.Based on this,a dynamic model for coupling vibration of outer rings is established considering the effect of rollers on outer rings.The natural frequencies and stability of each mode of the model are calculated using complex eigenvalue method,and the experimental verification is carried out.The results show that the peak value of noise spectrum measured by experiment is consistent with calculated results of the model,proving the correctness of the model.It is proposed that the noise of the bearings can be effectively suppressed by optimizing lubrication and selecting suitable working radial clearance of the bearings.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 圆柱滚子轴承 噪声 动力学 振动 稳定性 固有频率 

分 类 号：TH133.332[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB533.1[理学—物理]