全生育期盐胁迫对不同耐盐性水稻品种(系)生长发育的影响  

Effects of salt stress during the whole growth period on the growth and development of different salt-tolerant rice varieties

作　　者：邹燕 刘芳禧 方畅宇 郭荟 陈威 杨宁俊 庾振宇 易镇邪[1] 雷斌 ZOU Yan;LIU Fangxi;FANG Changyu;GUO Hui;CHEN Wei;YANG Ningjun;YU Zhenyu;YI Zhenxie;LEI Bin(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-alkali Tolerant Rice,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期8-17,共10页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2024NK1010);湖南省科学技术厅重大专项(2018NK1010)。

摘　　要：以4个耐盐水稻品种(系)(R2803、11146S/R2803、R889、1146S/R889)和1个盐敏感水稻品种(香粤农)为试验材料,设置5种海盐质量分数(0‰、1.5‰、3.0‰、4.5‰、6.0‰)进行水培试验,比较5个水稻品种(系)生长发育指标的差异。结果表明:随盐质量分数的增加,各水稻品种(系)几个生育时期株高、叶龄、群体茎蘖数、叶面积、根系伤流强度、根体积均呈下降趋势,其中盐敏感水稻品种香粤农的降幅明显大于各耐盐水稻品种(系)的,4个耐盐水稻品种(系)的降幅从大到小依次为R2803、R889、11146S/R2803、1146S/R889;随盐质量分数增加,各水稻品种(系)的有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒质量、单穴产量均呈下降趋势,且均以盐敏感水稻品种香粤农的降幅最大,杂交稻品系的降幅小于常规稻的,在盐质量分数1.5‰~6.0‰条件下,R2803单穴产量的降幅为37.07%~90.96%,1146S/R889单穴产量降幅为17.14%~75.59%。综合来看,1146S/R889各生长发育指标、产量及其构成因素在盐胁迫下降幅最小,耐盐性最强。Four salt-tolerant rice varieties(R2803,11146S/R2803,R889,1146S/R889)and one salt-sensitive rice variety(Xiangyuenong)were tested under five different salt mass fractions treatments(0‰,1.5‰,3.0‰,4.5‰,6.0‰)in hydroponic experiments to compare the differences in growth and development indexes.The results showed that as salt mass fraction increased,plant heights,leaf ages,tiller numbers,leaf areas,root bleeding intensities,and root volumes declined in all varieties,with Xiangyuenong experiencing the greatest reduction.Among salt-tolerant varieties,the decline from highest to lowest followed the order:R2803,R889,11146S/R2803,1146S/R889.Similarly,effective panicle numbers,grains per panicle,seed setting rates,1000-grain weights,and single-hole yields decreased with higher salt levels,with Xiangyuenong showing the largest decline.Hybrid varieties exhibited smaller reductions than conventional ones.At 1.5‰-6.0‰salt,single-hole yields of R2803 decreased by 37.06%-90.96%,while those of 1146S/R889 decreased by 17.14%-75.59%.Overall,1146S/R889 showed the least reduction in growth and development indexes,yield,and yield components under salt stress,indicating the strongest salt tolerance.

关 键 词：水稻 盐胁迫 全生育期 生长发育 产量构成 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学]