陆地棉品种对镉累积与转运的差异研究  

Study on difference of accumulation and translocation of cadmium in upland cotton varieties

作　　者：匡政成[1] 郭利双[1] 李玉军[1] 肖才升[1] 李飞[1] 杨光彬 匡逢春[2] 陈浩东[1] KUANG Zhengcheng;GUO Lishuang;LI Yujun;XIAO Caisheng;LI Fei;YANG Guangbin;KUANG Fengchun;CHEN Haodong(Hunan Cotton Research Institute,Changde,Hunan 415101,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省棉花科学研究所,湖南常德415101 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期18-25,共8页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0101200);棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室开放课题(CB2023A10)。

摘　　要：以10个苗期Cd累积量相对较低的棉花品种为材料,通过田间试验,分析研究不同陆地棉品种对重金属Cd累积、转运的差异。结果显示:湘X1251、湘FZ001、湘FZ031、湘杂棉23号、湘Z4等5个属于Cd高累积类群,占供试品种总数的50%;不同棉花品种地上部Cd累积量与地上部生物量呈极显著正相关,与皮棉产量呈显著正相关;将地上部生物量(X_(1))与地上部Cd累积量(Y_(2))进行拟合分析,其回归方程为Y_(2)=2 700.008+1.087X1,R^(2)=0.618;棉花不同部位对重金属Cd的吸收、富集能力有较大差异,其中纤维对Cd的富集能力最差,叶片对Cd的富集能力最强;湘X1251棉籽Cd的富集系数大于1,说明湘X1251棉籽对Cd的富集能力较强,其余9个棉花品种棉籽Cd的富集系数小于1,说明大部分棉花品种棉籽对Cd的富集能力较弱;湘杂棉23号、湘FZ001和湘FZ031等3个棉花品种皮棉产量均大于1 000 kg/hm^(2),棉籽Cd的富集系数均小于0.7,且地上部Cd累积量都超过10 000 mg/hm^(2),可见,湘杂棉23号、湘FZ001和湘FZ031等3个品种适宜种植于Cd污染耕地。To study cadmium(Cd)accumulation and transport in upland cotton,ahydroponics experiment screened ten cotton low-Cd-accumulation varieties at the seedling stage.Result showed that five high-Cd accumulators were identified:Xiang X_(1)251,Xiang FZ001,Xiang FZ031,Xiangzamian 23,and Xiang Z4,representing 50%of the tested varieties.Cd accumulation in aboveground parts exhibited a strong positive correlation with aboveground biomass and a positive correlation with lint yield.Regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between aboveground biomass(X_(1))and Cd accumulation(Y_(2)):Y_(2)=2700.008+1.087X_(1),R^(2)=0.618.Cd enrichment varied significantly among plant parts with fibers showing the weakest and leaves showing the strongest enrichment.Xiang X_(1)251 seeds had the Cd enrichment coefficient exceeded 1,indicating strong Cd enrichment capability,while the other nine varieties had coefficients below 1,suggesting that most cotton varieties had weaker Cd enrichment.Three varieties,Xiangzamian 23,Xiang FZ001,and Xiang FZ031,had lint yields all exceeded 1000 kg/hm^(2),cottonseed Cd enrichment coefficients below 0.7,and aboveground Cd accumulation exceeding 10000 mg/hm^(2),making them suitable for Cd-contaminated farmland.

关 键 词：棉花 镉累积 富集系数 转运系数 

分 类 号：S562.04[农业科学—作物学]