茶树根腐病拮抗细菌的筛选鉴定及其生防潜力  

Screening,identification and biocontrol potential of antagonistic bacteria against tea root rot

作　　者：黄虹 谭琳[3] 沈程文[1,2] 邓玉莲 李桂花[1,2] 胡秋龙 HUANG Hong;TAN Lin;SHEN Chengwen;DENG Yulian;LI Guihua;HU Qiulong(Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期62-68,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD16000803-6);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2051、2023NK2013);湖南省科技创新重大项目(2021NK1020)。

摘　　要：以茶树根腐病病原菌(Fusarium cugenangense)为指示菌,运用平板对峙法筛选分离感病根际土壤微生物,获得1株拮抗效果最佳的细菌菌株TJ-1,抑菌率可达74.67%;通过生理生化试验以及16S rRNA测序,鉴定菌株TJ-1为土地类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus terrae)。研究菌株TJ-1对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果、生长特性、产生的不同代谢物对病原菌的拮抗效果、对9种作物病原菌的拮抗效果及其促生潜力等,结果表明,拮抗菌TJ-1使病原菌菌丝缠绕萎缩,分支部分变大;拮抗菌生长至18 h进入稳定期;生长最适pH为5~7,在Na Cl质量分数超过2%的条件下生长会受到明显抑制;拮抗菌TJ-1对9种作物病原菌均有拮抗效果,其中对茄子褐纹病原菌拮抗效果高达80.51%;拮抗菌TJ-1产生的挥发性物质和非挥发性物质对病原菌都具有拮抗效果;拮抗菌TJ-1具有溶解磷、固氮以及分泌铁载体等促生潜能。The Fusarium cugenangense(F.cugenangense)was used as indicators to screen the best antagonistic bacterial from rhizosphere soil of tea plants infected with root rot disease by plate confrontation method.Strain TJ-1 with the best antagonistc effect was obtained,and its antifungal rate was 74.67%.Strain TJ-1 was identified as Paenibacillus terrae by physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.The inhibitory effect of strain TJ-1 on mycelia growth of F.cugenangense,the growth characteristics of strain TJ-1,the antagonistic effect of different metabolites of strain TJ-1 against F.cugenangense,the antagonistic effect of strain TJ-1 on other crop pathogens and the growth promoting potential of strain TJ-1 were further studied.The results showed that the antagonistic strain TJ-1 can cause entanglement and shrink of the mycelium of F.cugenangense and can enlarge the branch of the mycelium.After 18-hour-growth,the strain TJ-1 entered the stable phase.The optimal pH for strain TJ-1 is 5-7,and the growth was significantly inhibited in the environment containing more than 2%NaCl.The antagonistic strain TJ-1 has antagonistic effect on 9 kinds of crop pathogens,and the antagonistic effect against Phomopsis vexans is up to 80.6%.Both volatile and non-volatile substances produced by antagonistic strain TJ-1 had antagonistic effect on F.cugenangense.The strain TJ-1 showed the ability of phosphorus dissolution,nitrogen fixation and iron production,indicating the strain has growth promoting potential.

关 键 词：茶树根腐病 尖孢镰刀菌 拮抗菌 土地类芽孢杆菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]