战略性矿产勘查投资分析与政策启示  

Analysis of strategic mineral exploration investment and policy implications

作　　者：王圳 吴巧生 刘泽群 WANG Zhen;WU Qiaosheng;LIU Zequn(School of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Economics and Management,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430078,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院,湖北武汉430078 [3]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国矿业》2025年第2期29-38,共10页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国深海战略性资源勘探开发政策研究”资助(编号:23&ZD107);中国工程院学部重点战略研究与咨询项目“我国矿产资源勘查开发及固废综合利用战略研究”资助(编号:2023-XZ-71)。

摘　　要：矿产勘查是实现矿产资源增储上产的重要途径,是提升国家战略性矿产储备保障能力、建设新型能源体系、稳妥推进碳中和的有力抓手。战略性矿产勘查投资是围绕总体国家安全观,以推进能源转型为目标,保障我国战略性矿产供应安全的重要举措。本文梳理了国内外矿产勘查,以及战略性矿产勘查投资的演化历程,总结了美国、澳大利亚、加拿大和日本的政策经验,提出了当下我国勘查投资面临的主要问题。采用双重差分法对我国矿产勘查相关政策的实施效果进行检验,研究结果表明:(1)2012年全球矿产勘查投资进入下行周期,但2016年后全球投资回暖,而我国继续下行态势,逐渐偏离全球勘查市场走势;(2)当下我国矿产勘查投资规模低于发达国家水平,资金来源存在结构性风险,勘查投资政策体系有待建立和完善;(3)实证结果表明,2016年前后我国矿产勘查相关的政策改革对国内矿产勘查投资产生了一定的负向影响。最后根据研究结果,本文提出相关政策建议,为完善我国战略性矿产勘查投资战略提供参考。Mineral exploration is an important way to increase the reserves and production of mineral resources,and it is a powerful means to enhance the national strategic mineral reserve guarantee capacity,build a new type of energy system and steadily promote carbon neutrality.Strategic mineral exploration investment is a plan around the overall concept of national security,with the goal of promoting energy transformation,to ensure the supply security of China’s strategic mineral.In this paper,it systematically reviews the evolution of mineral exploration and strategic mineral exploration investment at home and abroad,summarizes the policy experiences of the United States,Australia,Canada and Japan,and puts forward the main problems faced by China.The Difference-in-Difference is used to test the implementation effect of China’s mineral exploration related policy reforms.The results show that:①the global mineral exploration investment entered a downward cycle in 2012,but the global investment rebounded after 2016,while China continued the downward trend,gradually deviating from the global exploration market trend.②At present,the scale of China’s mineral exploration investment is lower than the level of developed countries,there are structural risks in the source of funds,and the exploration investment policy system needs to be established and improved.③The empirical results show that China’s mineral exploration related policy reforms around 2016 have a certain negative impact on domestic mineral exploration investment.Finally,based on the results of the study,this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations to provide a basis for improving China’s strategic mineral exploration investment strategy.

关 键 词：战略性矿产 勘查投资 能源转型 供应安全 双重差分法 

分 类 号：TD-9[矿业工程] F407.1[经济管理—产业经济]