全球钨矿资源形势及中国开发利用现状分析  

Analysis of the situation of global tungsten resources and the current status of development and utilization in China

作　　者：仇巍巍 李政 陈从喜 吴初国 高宇 曾建鹰 张必欣 葛振华 吴琪 王楠 周海兵 耿雯 QIU Weiwei;LI Zheng;CHEN Congxi;WU Chuguo;GAO Yu;ZENG Jianying;ZHANG Bixin;GE Zhenhua;WU Qi;WANG Nan;ZHOU Haibing;GENG Wen(Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100036,China;Technology Innovation Center for Territorial&Spatial Big Data,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100830,China;Beijing Vastitude Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部信息中心,北京100036 [2]自然资源部国土空间大数据工程技术创新中心,北京100830 [3]北京东方至远科技股份有限公司,北京100091

出　　处：《中国矿业》2025年第2期429-437,共9页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题“全球战略性矿产大数据平台和预警与决策支持技术”资助(编号:2021YFC2901801);自然资源部部门项目“自然资源综合统计、形势分析和安全预警”资助(编号:12110100000021009);自然资源部部门项目“全国矿业权统计分析”资助(编号:121101000000180044)。

摘　　要：钨矿资源是中国的优势矿产资源,然而经过多年持续开采,其消耗速度较快。基于2014—2023年钨矿资源相关统计数据,对全球及中国钨矿资源储量变化、开发利用状况、矿业权配置情况和产量消费量进行了时间序列和多维度的对比分析,并对中国钨矿资源进出口形势进行了测算和贸易流向分析。研究结果表明,全球钨矿资源储量达440万t,中国钨矿资源储量排名第一位;中国钨矿资源静态保障能力约为36 a,远低于全球均值;2014—2023年中国钨矿资源勘查投资力度经历了先下降后稳定的过程,2019年至今勘查投入总体稳定,但储量同比下降了4.80%;开发利用方面虽然总体平稳,但产能利用率和达产率始终处于较低水平;矿业权数量、探采比持续走低,说明钨新矿业权发现难度较高和现有资源的快速消耗;钨矿资源国家控制开采总量呈持续小幅上升态势,超采率已逐渐得到遏制;中国钨矿资源进出口总体平稳,钨矿砂及其精矿出口大幅下降,出口量较大的对象多为发达国家或地区,韩国、日本和美国三个国家合计超过60%,进口量较大以亚洲地区为主。建议采用先进勘查技术和方法提高钨矿勘查工作有效性,力求发现更多、更高品位的钨矿资源;挖掘现有钨矿资源生产能力,优化产能结构;建立钨矿资源回收利用标准体系,通过技术创新和资金投入加强钨矿资源回收与再利用;钨产业加大创新投入,强化先进技术推广应用,推动钨产业转型升级。Tungsten resources belong to China’s advantageous mineral resources.However,after years of continuous mining,its consumption rate is relatively fast.Based on the statistical data related to tungsten resources from 2014 to 2023,a time series and multidimensional comparative analysis is conducted on the changes in global and China’s tungsten reserves,development and utilization status,mining rights allocation,and production and consumption.The import and export situation of China’s tungsten resources is also calculated and the trade flow is analyzed.The conclusion drawn through research is that the global tungsten resource reserves reach 4.4 million tons,with China ranking first in tungsten resource reserves.The static guarantee capacity of China’s tungsten resources is about 36 years,which is far below the global average level.China’s investment in tungsten resource exploration has gone through a process of first decreasing and then stabilizing from 2014 to 2023.The overall investment in exploration has been stable,but the reserves have decreased by 4.80%on year-on-year basis since 2019.Although the overall development and utilization have remained stable,the capacity utilization rate and production rate have always been at a relatively low level.The continuous decline in the exploration and mining ratio of mining rights indicates the high difficulty of discovering new tungsten mining rights and the rapid consumption of existing resources.The total amount of tungsten mining under national control has shown a continuous and slight upward trend,and the rate of overexploitation has gradually been curbed.The overall import and export of tungsten resources in China has remained stable,with a significant decrease in the export of tungsten ores and concentrates.The export volume is mainly targeted at developed countries or regions,with South Korea,Japan,and the United States accounting for over 60%of the total.The import volume is mainly concentrated in Asia.Suggest adopting advanced exploration techniques and

关 键 词：钨 战略性矿产 资源形势 开发利用 供需格局 

分 类 号：TD-9[矿业工程]