营林措施和环境因子对黄河中游刺槐生长的影响  

Impact of Forest Management Practices and Environmental Factors on the Growth of Robinia pseudoacacia in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：杜娜 王继军[2] 刘莉琳 DU Na;WANG Jijun;LIU Lilin(Land Surveying Planning and Design Institute of Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710021,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Xi′an 710021,China;School of Information,Xi′an University of Finance and Economics,Xi′an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西地建土地勘测规划设计院有限责任公司,西安710021 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,西安710021 [3]西安财经大学信息学院,西安710100

出　　处：《森林工程》2025年第2期243-252,共10页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503702);2022年陕西省高等教育教学改革研究(22J21)。

摘　　要：探究营林措施和环境因子对刺槐生长的综合影响,为黄河流域乃至其他类似生态环境下的造林和生态恢复提供重要的科学依据。以黄土高原刺槐林为研究对象,通过测量地形以及刺槐的生长指标,测定土壤理化性质,采用线性拟合、冗余分析和Pearson相关性分析各因素对刺槐生长的影响。结果表明,1)刺槐胸径与造林密度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),树高与造林密度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),冠幅与造林密度、坡度呈显著负相关(P<0.05);2)刺槐树高、冠幅与土壤全磷质量分数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),胸径、冠幅与土壤铵态氮质量分数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);3)海拔较高时,土壤结构更为疏松,但养分含量相对较低;坡度较大时土壤养分流失严重,对刺槐的生长产生不利影响;4)土壤毛管孔隙度是影响刺槐生长的最重要因素。因此,在造林和管理过程中,根据实际地形和土壤条件,合理确定造林密度,提升土壤肥力,促进刺槐的生长发育。Exploring the combined effects of forest management practices and environmental factors on the growth of Robinia pseu⁃doacacia provides essential scientific evidence for afforestation and ecological restoration in the Yellow River Basin and other similar ecological environments.Focusing on Robinia pseudoacacia forests on the Loess Plateau,we measured topography,growth indicators of Robinia pseudoacacia,and soil physical and chemical properties,employing linear fitting,redundancy analysis,and Pearson correlation analysis to assess the impact of various factors on the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia.The results indicated:1)Robinia pseudo⁃acacia diameter at breast height(DBH)showed a highly significant negative correlation with afforestation density(P<0.01),tree height had a significant negative correlation with afforestation density(P<0.05),and canopy width was significantly negatively correlated with both afforestation density and slope(P<0.05).2)Tree height and canopy width of Robinia pseudoacacia showed a highly significant positive correlation with soil total phosphorus content(P<0.01),while DBH and canopy width were significantly positively correlated with soil ammonium nitrogen content(P<0.05).3)At higher altitudes,the soil structure became more loose,but the nutrient content was relatively lower;when the slope was steeper,soil nutrient loss was severe,adversely affecting the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia.4)Soil capillary porosity was the most important factor influencing the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia.Therefore,during afforestation and management,it is crucial to reasonably determine afforestation density and enhance soil fertility according to the actual topography and soil conditions to promote the growth and development of Robinia pseudoacacia.

关 键 词：造林密度 地形 土壤理化性质 刺槐 冗余分析 黄河流域 

分 类 号：S727.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种]