热带雨林地区浅埋软弱围岩隧道初支大变形及换拱处治技术研究  

Study on Large Deformation and Arch Replacement Treatment Technology for Shallow Buried Weak Surrounding Rock Tunnels in Tropical Rainforest Areas

作　　者：薛志国 赵晓波 聂振宇 卢伟词 傅金阳[2,3] 张寅初 XUE Zhiguo;ZHAO Xiaobo;NIE Zhenyu;LU Weici;FU Jinyang;ZHANG Yinchu(China Harbour Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100027,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National Engineering Research Center of High Speed Railway Construction,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中国港湾工程有限责任公司,北京100027 [2]中南大学土木工程学院,长沙410075 [3]高速铁路建造技术国家工程研究中心,长沙410075

出　　处：《森林工程》2025年第2期405-416,共12页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1934211);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(L2022G003)。

摘　　要：由于热带雨林地区常年降雨强度大、频率高,强降雨常导致岩土体自重增加,但强度和稳定性显著下降,是该地区隧道施工主要高风险源。依托马来西亚热带雨林地区某隧道工程,对隧道穿越土岩交界段初支侵限变形规律进行现场监测与数值分析,探究初期支护侵限应急处置及局部换拱施工等治理措施方法。研究结果表明,1)热带雨林地区频繁强降雨下渗造成岩土强度及承载力下降是隧道大变形发生的主要原因,地层含水率的变化主要受降雨时间及地表起伏的影响;2)采用径向注浆加固、反压回填、施加临时横撑及施作临时仰拱等措施能有效控制围岩变形发展;3)根据隧道初期支护变形侵限的纵向分布规律,使用局部换拱处置方法,能显著提升换拱施工的效率和安全性。现场应用表明所采取的隧道初期支护换拱处置措施控制隧道变形效果良好,可为类似热带雨林软弱围岩隧道提供施工借鉴和技术指导。Due to the high intensity and frequency of rainfall throughout the year in tropical rainforest areas,heavy rainfall often leads to an increase in the self weight of the rock and soil mass,but significantly reduces its strength and stability,which is the main high risk source for tunnel construction in this area.Based on a tunnel project in the tropical rainforest region of Malaysia,field monitoring and numerical analysis were conducted on the deformation behavior of primary support clearance limit in the soil-rock transition section,investigating emergency measures for controlling primary support clearance limit and implementing local arch replacement construction.The research findings were as follows:(1)The primary causes of significant tunnel deformation in the tropical rainforest region were reduced rock and soil strength and bearing capacity resulting from frequent and intense rainfall infiltration.The variation of formation water content was mainly affected by rainfall time and surface fluctuation.(2)Measures such as radial grouting,counter-pressure backfilling,temporary transverse bracing,and temporary inverted arch construction effectively controlled the development of surrounding rock deformation.(3)A method for local arch replacement construction was used based on the longitudinal distribution pattern of deformation clearance limit in the primary support of the tunnel,resulting in improved efficiency and safety.On-site applications had demonstrated that the adopted encroachment limit control method had a good effect on controlling tunnel deformation,providing valuable construction references and technical guidance for tunnels in similar tropical rainforest areas with weak rock formations.

关 键 词：全风化砂岩 围岩变形 数值模拟 大变形处治 监控量测 

分 类 号：U457.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]