PAN纤维预氧化过程中结构变化与力学性能的联系  

Relationship Between Structural Changes and Mechanical Properties of PAN Fibers During Preoxidation

作　　者：胡锦贇 毛炳淇 姜彦波 刘仪雪 付中禹 HU Jin-yun;MAO Bing-qi;JIANG Yan-bo;LIU Yi-xue;FU Zhong-yu(School of Chemical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China;Carbon Fiber Industry Innovation Center of Jilin Province,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China;Jilin Tangu Carbon Fiber Co.,Ltd.,Jilin 132000,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学化学工程学院,吉林长春130012 [2]长春工业大学吉林省碳纤维产业创新中心,吉林长春130012 [3]吉林碳谷碳纤维股份有限公司,吉林吉林132000

出　　处：《合成纤维》2025年第3期15-20,40,共7页Synthetic Fiber in China

基　　金：吉林省重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH025);吉林省碳纤维产业创新中心(2022C002)。

摘　　要：采用管式加热炉加热的方法将聚丙烯腈原丝连续梯度升温处理得到预氧化纤维。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪与广角X射线衍射仪研究了聚丙烯腈纤维在预氧化过程中的物理化学结构变化,基于超声蚀刻的方法观察了预氧化纤维的微观结构,使用纤维强伸度仪研究了物理化学结构的转变对力学性能的影响。结果表明:预氧化过程中化学反应的进行随温度的上升与时间的延长而加快,化学反应的结果是梯形结构的形成;纤维结晶度与晶粒尺寸也随反应的进行具有逐渐降低的趋势,且出现了类石墨的晶体结构;反应程度的升高增加了纤维的耐腐蚀性,预氧化纤维的截面在预氧化反应较为剧烈的时候会呈现出明显的皮芯结构;当预氧化程度较高时纤维的力学性能有下降趋势。Polyacrylonitrile precursor was heated in a tubular furnace to obtain preoxidized fibers by contin⁃uous gradient heating treatment.The physical and chemical structure changes of polyacrylonitrile fibers dur⁃ing preoxidation were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction.The microstructure of the preoxidized fibers was observed by ultrasonic etching method.The effect of physi⁃cal and chemical structure changes on mechanical properties was studied by fiber tensile tester.The results show that the process of chemical reaction accelerated with the increase of temperature and time,and the re⁃sult of chemical reaction is the formation of ladder structure.The crystallinity and grain size of the fibers al⁃so gradually decreases with the reaction,and the graphite like crystal structure appears.The increase of the reaction degree increases the corrosion resistance of the fiber,and the obvious skin core structure can be seen in the cross section of the preoxidized fiber when the preoxidation reaction is more intense.When the degree of preoxidation is high,the mechanical properties of the fibers have a downward trend.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈纤维 预氧化 结构演变 超声蚀刻 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.741[化学工程—化纤工业]