中国养老金融现状及与国际经验对比  

Current Situation of China’s Pension Finance and Comparison with International Experiences

作　　者：芮萌[1] 龚铭 RUI Meng;GONG Ming

机构地区：[1]中欧国际工商学院,上海201206

出　　处：《上海商学院学报》2024年第6期76-93,共18页Business Economic Review

摘　　要：我国正面临相当复杂的人口老龄化问题,主要表现为“未富先老”“未备先老”和“照护不足”。为有效应对这一挑战,中国在养老金融领域进行了积极探索并取得了一定成果,但与美国、日本等发达国家相比仍存在差距。从养老金金融、养老服务金融及养老产业金融三大维度出发,探讨了如何结合国际先进经验与中国实际情况,构建更加完善的养老金融体系。具体而言,建议通过优化个人养老金账户制度设计、拓展养老金投资渠道、提升养老服务能力,以及创新养老产业融资工具等方式,来促进养老金的保值增值,满足老年人日益增长的多样化需求,并推动银发经济高质量发展。此外,还着重强调了建立全国统一的长护险体系的重要性,旨在进一步释放老年人的护理服务需求,减轻其经济负担,同时激发相关产业的发展潜力。China is facing a rather complex issue of population aging,characterized by aging before wealth,aging before preparation and insufficient care.To effectively address the challenges of aging,China has actively explored the field of pension finance and made certain progress,but there is still a gap compared to developed countries such as the United States and Japan.Starting from three major dimensions---pension finance,elderly service finance,and elderly industry finance---the paper discusses how to combine international advanced experience with China’s actual situation to build a more comprehensive elderly care finance system.Specifically,it is suggested that by optimizing the design of individual pension accounts,expanding pension investment channels,enhancing elderly service capabilities,and innovating financing tools for the elderly industry,the preservation and appreciation of pension funds can be promoted.This approach aims to meet the growing diverse needs of the elderly and to promote the high-quality development of the silver economy.Furthermore,the article emphasizes the importance of establishing a nationwide unified long-term care insurance system to further unleash the demand for care services,reduce the financial burden on the elderly,and stimulate the development potential of related industries.

关 键 词：养老金融 养老金金融 养老服务金融 养老产业金融 第三支柱 长期护理保险 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]