大白猪群体氟烷基因和酸肉基因的检测及分析  

Detection and Analysis of HAL and RN Genes in a Yorkshire Pig Population

作　　者：贾倩茹 田甜 王磊[1] 宋生熹 汪海霞 吴国林 吴国芳[1] JIA Qianru;TIAN Tian;WANG Lei;SONG Shengxi;WANG Haixia;WU Guolin;WU Guofang(Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding of Livestock and Poultry on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of Ministryof Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Conservation and Innovative Utilization of Genetic Resources of Plateau Livestock,Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Fuyuan Breeding and Farming Specialized Cooperative Society in Qinghai Province,Huangzhong 811600,China;Animal husbandry and Veterinary Station in Huangzhong District,Huangzhong 811600,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省福源种养殖专业合作社,青海湟中811600 [3]西宁市湟中区畜牧兽医站,青海湟中811600

出　　处：《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2025年第1期36-40,66,共6页Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

基　　金：青海省科技成果转化专项(2023-NK-141);西宁市科技局重点研发与转化计划项目(2024-Y-19)。

摘　　要：氟烷基因(Halothanegene,HAL)和酸肉基因(Rendement Napolegene,RN)作为影响肉质的主效基因,其突变会使猪出现应激综合征,并导致猪酸肉的产生,是目前种猪选育中需筛选并剔除的重要目标基因。为减少应激现象产生,提高猪群质量,本试验采集青海省福源农牧科技责任有限公司54头大白种猪样品,对HAL基因进行Sanger测序检测,对RN基因采用PCR^(-)RFLP技术检测,发现并剔除携带HAL^(n)和RN^(-)基因的个体,以期构建一个无HAL^(n)和RN^(-)基因的抗应激群体。结果显示,在54头大白猪群体样本中,HAL基因共检测出两种基因型,HAL^(N)/HAL^(N)、HAL^(N)/HAL^(n)的基因型频率分别为96.30%和3.70%,HAL^(N)、HAL^(n)的基因频率分别为98.15%和1.85%。在RN基因检测中共检测出两种基因型,其中1个样本为酸肉基因阳性(RN^(-)/RN^(-)),其余均为酸肉基因阴性(rn^(+)/rn^(+)),rn^(+)/rn^(+)、RN^(-)/RN^(-)的基因型频率分别为98.15%和1.85%,rn^(+)、RN^(-)的基因频率分别为98.15%和1.85%。综上,后续可根据检出结果对相应生产种猪进行合理选育、淘汰净群,为该厂建立大白猪抗应激群体提供科学依据,为后续优良种群选育、商品代繁育等提供技术依据。Halothane(HAL)and Remdement Napole(RN)genes are two of the main genes affecting meat quality,Whose mutations can cause stress syndrome and lead to the sour meat in pigs,thus these two qenes are important target genes that need to be screened and selected in pig breeding.In order to reduce the occurrence of stress and improve the quality of pigs,54 Yorkshire pig samples were collected from Qinghai Fuyuan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,and the HAL gene was detected by Sanger sequencing,and the RN gene was detected by PCR^(-)RFLP technology.Individuals carrying HAL^(n) and RN^(-)genes were found and eliminated,in order to build a stress^(-)resistant group without HAL^(n) and RN^(-)genes.The results showed that in the 54 Yorkshire pig samples,two genotypes of HAL gene were detected,and the genotype frequencies of HAL^(N)/HAL^(N) and HAL^(N)/HAL^(n) were 96.30%and 3.70%respectively,and the gene frequencies of HAL^(N) and HAL^(n) were 98.15%and 1.85%respectively.Two genotypes were detected in the RN gene,of which one sample was RN gene positive(RN^(-)/RN^(-)),and the rest were RN gene negative(rn^(+)/rn^(+)),the genotype frequencies of rn^(+)/rn^(+)and RN^(-)/RN^(-)were 98.15%and 1.85%,respectively,and the gene frequencies of rn^(+)and RN^(-)were 98.15%and 1.85%,respectively.To sum up,the subsequent reasonable selection and elimination of the net group of the corresponding production breeders can be carried out according to the detection results,which provides a scientific basis for the establishment of stress^(-)resistant groups of Yorkshire pigs in the industry,and provides a technical basis for the subsequent selection of the excellent breeding stock and breeding of the commercial generation.

关 键 词：种猪 应激 标记辅助选择(MAS) 氟烷(HAL)基因 酸肉(RN)基因 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]