文山苗语le^(44)的多功能性及语法化路径  

The Multi-functionality and Grammaticalization Path of le^(44)in Wenshan Miao Language

作　　者：侯文甫 HOU Wenfu(School of Literature,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学文学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《文山学院学报》2025年第1期66-75,共10页Journal of Wenshan University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国苗语方言地图集(21&ZD302)”;云南省教育厅科研基金项目“文山白苗与青苗苗语对比研究”(2023Y0586)。

摘　　要：文山苗语le^(44)具有多功能性,能充当副词、语气助词、名物化助词、定语助词、状语助词、补语助词、程度助词、假设条件助词、话题助词等多种语法成分。le^(44)源自“量少”义副词,其语法化经历了“副词>名物化标记>语气助词/定语标记/状语标记/补语标记/程度标记;副词>名物化标记>话题标记>假设条件标记”的演变历程。le^(44)功能的不断提升是苗语由弱分析化向强分析化演变的一个趋势,是借助虚词来表达语法功能增强的体现。Wenshan Miao language le^(44)has versatility,which can server as multiple grammatical components such as adverbs,modal particles,nominalization particles,attributive particles,adverbial particles,complement particles,degree particles,hypothetical condition particles,topic particles,etc.le^(44)derived from the adverb of“small quantity”,whose grammaticalization has gone through the evolution process of“adverbs>nominalization markers>modal particles/attributive markers/adverbial markers/complement markers/degree markers;adverbs>nominalization markers>topic markers>hypothetical condition markers”.The continuous improvement of the function of le^(44)is a trend in the evolution of Miao language from weak analysis to strong analysis,which is a manifestation of enhanced grammatical function expressed through function words.

关 键 词：文山苗语 le^(44) 多功能 语法化 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]