外来植物刺果瓜的入侵策略与防治研究进展  

Research progress on the invasion strategiesand control measures of Sicyos angulatus

作　　者：张梅[1] 丛培东[1] 刘宇嘉 王鹏[2,3] 刘利[2,3] ZHANG Mei;CONG Peidong;LIU Yujia;WANG Peng;LIU Li(College of Science,Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118003,China;College of Agriculture,Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118003,China;Institute of Yalu River Basin Studies of Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118003,China)

机构地区：[1]辽东学院理学院,辽宁丹东118003 [2]辽东学院农学院,辽宁丹东118003 [3]辽东学院鸭绿江流域研究院,辽宁丹东118003

出　　处：《生物安全学报(中英文)》2025年第1期27-33,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目(JYTMS20230700);辽东学院鸭绿江流域研究院开放课题(YLJ20220105、YLJ20230105)。

摘　　要：刺果瓜是原产于美国东北部的一年生草质藤本攀援植物,最初因其观赏价值高而被广泛种植,现已扩散至欧洲、亚洲的部分国家和地区,给当地植物的生长造成严重威胁。由于入侵性极强,刺果瓜已经演变成有害的入侵杂草,严重危害我国农业生产、城市绿化及生态环境。目前,对刺果瓜的入侵策略尚无系统的认识,本文通过综述刺果瓜的分布危害、营养和繁殖生长策略、竞争策略以及防治应用等研究现状,归纳其入侵策略和防治进展,以期为刺果瓜的防治工作提供参考。结果发现:刺果瓜成功入侵的关键在于多样化的适应策略和较强的传播扩散能力;其对农业生产及生态环境造成危害的主要原因在于攀援绞杀性和占据不同生态位;刺果瓜防治主要包括人工拔除、化学和生物防治等方法;刺果瓜在土壤修复、医药价值、农业利用等方面已有所应用。未来应加强刺果瓜在自然生境中的适应机制、应用开发和防治技术等研究。Sicyos angulatus is an annual grassy vine climber native to the northeast United States.It is widely planted because of its ornamental value.It has now spread to most places in Europe and Asia posing a serious threat to the growth of native plants and is considered one of the most problematic invasive plants worldwide.Its mass introduction into China has caused serious harm to agriculture,urban gardens and the environment.The invasion strategy of S.angulatus is poorly understood.This paper reviews the distribution and hazard,nutrition and reproductive growth strategies,competitive strategy,prevention,and application of S.angulatus,and summarized the research progress to provide a scientific basis for controlling S.angulatus.The key factor of S.angulatus invasion success is its diversified adaptation strategies and powerful ability to spread.The main reason for its damage to agriculture and the environment is climbing strangulation and occupying different ecological niches.The control methods of S.angulatus include manual removal and chemical and biological control.S.angulatus has been applied in agriculture,soil remediation,and medicine.Further studies on the adaptive mechanisms in the natural environment,application development,and control methods are needed.

关 键 词：刺果瓜 外来植物 入侵策略 防治 利用 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]