铁刀木幼苗生长及不同器官非结构性碳水化合物、氮、磷对磷添加的响应  

Changes in growth and non⁃structural carbohydrates,nitrogen and phosphorus contents in different organs of Senna siamea seedlings in response to phosphorus addition

作　　者：张少纯 何至杭 曾婷婷 饶雯青 王艺颖 莫其锋 ZHANG Shaochun;HE Zhihang;ZENG Tingting;RAO Wenqing;WANG Yiying;MO Qifeng(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Guangdong E′huangzhang Forest Ecological Research Station,Yangjiang,Guangdong 529631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东鹅凰嶂野外科学观测研究站,广东阳江529631

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期217-229,共13页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2022KJCX017);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2023A1515012129)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究华南地区常见树种铁刀木幼苗的生长以及各器官的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)、氮(N)、磷(P)对不同水平磷添加的响应,揭示铁刀木生长对土壤磷素变化的响应规律。【方法】以铁刀木幼苗为研究对象,设置对照(不加磷)、低磷(加50 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))和高磷(加100 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))3种处理,探究不同水平磷添加处理对幼苗生长及叶、枝、茎、粗根和细根等器官NSC、氮、磷含量的影响。【结果】(1)高磷处理显著提高了铁刀木幼苗的苗高和地径的相对生长速率;低磷处理显著提高了地径的相对生长速率,同时显著增加了叶、枝、茎的生物量和总生物量;两种磷添加水平处理下,茎的生物量占比均最大。(2)高磷处理下,茎的可溶性糖含量显著高于低磷处理;与对照相比,低磷处理下细根的淀粉含量显著增加,高磷处理下叶片的淀粉含量显著增加。对照和低磷处理下,叶的可溶性糖占比最大;对照和高磷处理下,淀粉和NSC在粗根中的占比最大。低磷处理提高了叶、枝的NSC及其组分占比;两种磷添加水平处理降低了粗根、细根的NSC及其组分占比。(3)3种处理下,叶、枝的磷含量均表现为高磷>低磷>对照;与对照相比,低磷处理下枝的氮含量显著增加,低磷和高磷处理下枝的磷含量显著增加;除粗根外,其他器官的氮磷比呈下降趋势;对照和低磷处理下,叶的氮、磷含量最高,氮、磷在各器官的占比表现为叶>枝>茎>粗根>细根。(4)叶、枝、细根的生物量分别与对应器官的NSC及其组分含量呈显著正相关;叶、枝的NSC及其组分含量分别与对应器官的氮、磷含量呈显著正相关;茎的可溶性糖和NSC含量分别与氮、磷含量呈显著正相关。【结论】一定水平的磷添加有利于铁刀木幼苗的生长,苗木通过调节NSC、氮、磷在各器官的分配比例,达到最优资源配置,以适应土壤磷素的变化。【Objective】Changes in the growth of non⁃structural carbohydrates(NSC),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in multi⁃ple organs of Senna siamea seedlings,a common tree species in South China,at various levels of P additions were investigated to ex⁃plore the response rule of S.siamea to soil P supplementation.【Method】Three levels of P addition,namely 0 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)(the control, CK), 50 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)(low addition) and 100 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)(high addition), were applied on S.siamea seedlings to in⁃vestigate the effect of P addition on the NSC, N and P contents in the leaf, branch, stem, coarse root and fine root of S.siameaseedlings. 【Result】(1) Compared with CK, high P addition significantly increased the relative growth rates of height and ground di⁃ameter, while low P addition significantly increased the relative growth rate of ground diameter and the biomass of leaf, branch,stem and whole plant;under the same level of P treatment, stem made up the highest proportion of biomass. (2) The soluble sugarcontents in the stems were significantly greater at high P addition than that at low P addition;compared with CK, the starch contentswere increased significantly in the fine roots at low P addition, and in the leaves at high P addition. The proportion of soluble sugarin the leaves peaked in CK and at low P addition, while the proportion of starch and NSC in the coarse roots were the highest in CKand at high P addition. Low P addition was contributed to higher proportion of NSC and its components in the leaves and branches,while both low and high P addition resulted in lower proportion of NSC and its components in the coarse root and fine root. (3) TheP contents in the leaves and branches under different treatments followed the order of high P addition>low P addition>CK. Comparedwith CK, low P addition was contributed to higher N contents in the branches, and both low and high P addition led to significantlyhigher P content in the branches. Except for the coarse roots, N/ P ratio went down in

关 键 词：磷添加 铁刀木 非结构性碳水化合物 氮 磷 分配格局 

分 类 号：S725.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]