用水效率频谱构建及其时空变化——以中国四大经济分区为例  

The construction of water use efficiency frequency spectrum and its temporal and spatial variation analysis: Taking the four economic regions in China as an example

作　　者：李昕妍 朱永楠[1] 程鹏 何凡[1] 何国华[1] 李溦 LI Xinyan;ZHU Yongnan;CHENG Peng;HE Fan;HE Guohua;LI Wei(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Shijiazhuang Water Resources Comprehensive Service Center,Shijiazhuang 050011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]石家庄市水资源综合服务中心,石家庄050011

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技(中英文)》2025年第1期79-89,共11页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52009141,52109042);中国工程院院地合作项目(2023NMZA-01)。

摘　　要：构建直观、可解释、可比较的用水效率评价方法,是科学分析用水效率与经济社会发展规律的有效手段。构建经济社会发展与综合、农业、工业、生活用水效率拟合曲线及用水效率频谱的方法,以我国的31个省级行政区为例,绘制综合及分产业用水效率频谱图,分析四大经济分区用水效率时空变化规律及其驱动因素。结果显示:2010-2022年综合以及工业用水效率提升明显,频谱拟合呈现明显的用水效率、经济效益协同发展趋势;农业及生活用水量与效益拟合曲线表现为正相关关系。通过产业用水效率综合比较,识别四大经济分区用水效率提升的重点产业和环节,提出效率效益协同发展的建议,为节水管理和经济社会高质量发展提供支撑。China is among one of the countries in the world with high degree of water stress due to its uneven distribution of water resources. Reasonable evaluation of water resources utilization efficiency is an important method to balance the relationship between supply and demand of water resources supply as well as economic development, and it is also one of the important tasks of water-saving management. Water use efficiency evaluation is an important means to analyze and compare the effectiveness, rationality and water saving effect of water resources utilization in regions and industries.A comprehensive and sub-industry water use efficiency spectrum fitting method was constructed based on the combination of geographic information, water use efficiency and economic development data. The spectrum curves of comprehensive water use efficiency and water use efficiency of agriculture, industry and life in China were drawn by taking 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China from 2010 to 2022 as an example. The spatial and temporal variation rules of water use efficiency in various regions and industries along with their differences were analyzed. The main driving factors of water use efficiency changes were identified by geographic detectors, and water-saving optimization suggestions were put forward according to the characteristics of water use differences in various regions.The results show that from the year 2010 to 2022, the comprehensive water use efficiency and benefit of 97.0%of the provinces showed a synergistic growth trend, and the fitting degree of water use efficiency and economic benefit of different industries gradually improved with time with the simultaneous increased benefits of all the provinces.The increase of agricultural water use efficiency in Northeast China is the largest. The average annual decrease of water consumption per mu of actual irrigation of agricultural cultivated land is 1.9%, but the average annual increase of GDP per capita in the same period is only

关 键 词：用水效率 经济 频谱 时空变化 节约用水 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]