开都河流域水-能源-生态综合收益下的水资源优化配置  

Optimal allocation of water resources under integrated water-energy-ecological benefits in Kaidu River basin

作　　者：唐晓宇 刘铁[1,2] 黄粤 潘晓辉[1,2] 凌瑜楠 彭佳宾 张鹏 尚喻 TANG Xiaoyu;LIU Tie;HUANG Yue;PAN Xiaohui;LING Yunan;PENG Jiabin;ZHANG Peng;SHANG Yu(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Science,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100049,China;School of Earth Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Tarim River Basin Kaidu Peacock River Water Conservancy Management Center,Korle 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]云南大学地理科学学院,昆明650091 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区塔里木河流域开都孔雀河水利管理中心,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技(中英文)》2025年第1期90-98,共9页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071245);第三次新疆科学考察项目(2021xjkk1400);王宽城教育基金项目(GJTD-2020-14)。

摘　　要：针对干旱区水资源分配不合理的问题,以新疆开都河流域水资源为研究对象,以流域水-能源-生态综合收益最高为目标,建立水资源多目标优化配置模型,采用基于参考点的非支配排序进化算法(reference-point based many-objective,NSGA-Ⅲ)对模型进行求解。针对优化方案选择问题,以经济效益、社会效益和生态效益为准则层构建流域水资源最适配置方案评价指标体系,采用层次分析法对优化结果进行评价分析。结果表明:最适配置方案相较于传统配置方案,水库发电量增加5.83%,农业经济效益减少2.34%,生态效益提高40.08%;当地种植结构需进行适当调整,应增加玉米和西红柿的种植面积,减少小麦、棉花和辣椒的种植面积;博斯腾湖大湖和小湖水位均达到最适生态水位。研究成果可为当地制定水资源配置方案提供决策参考,有重要的理论意义和应用价值。The Yanqi basin, located in northwestern China is one of the most water-stressed regions with highly developed irrigated agriculture. Bosten Lake of the Yanqi basin is the largest inland freshwater lake in China, which is the tail end of the Kaidu River and the source of the Kongque River. The local government plans to build seven hydroelectric power stations in the Kaidu River basin to improve the utilization of its water resources, and three hydroelectric power stations have been built so far. The dam seriously interferes with the natural flow regime of the river and alters the discharged surface irrigation water, making it difficult to reconcile the conflict between the irrigation water needed for agriculture and the water stored in the dam for power generation. Therefore, the KaiKong River basin is a river-lake-reservoir connectivity basin. The local agricultural irrigation extracts large amounts of groundwater, resulting in a rapid decline in the water level. The Kongque River has been delivering ecological water to the lower Tarim River since 2000, causing a dramatic drop in the Bosten Lake level. Therefore, win-win strategies should be considered in the management of water, agriculture, and energy resources with the aim to balancing agricultural production, energy development, and ecological protection.To solve the problem of irrational allocation of water resources in the Kaidu River basin, based on the River,Lake, and Reservoir Connectivity Project. The multi-objective optimal allocation model of water resources is constructed to maximize the economic benefits of agriculture, as well as to maximize the benefits of reservoir power generation, along with minimizing the regional ecological pressure index, and the optimal ecological water level of Bosten Lake as the constraint. To improve the solution efficiency and accuracy of the optimization model, we used the reference-point many-objective algorithm to solve the model. The optimization model is solved to produce multiple sets of optimization scenarios, c

关 键 词：多目标 水资源优化配置 博斯腾湖 NSGA-Ⅲ 层次分析法 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]