工作面钻孔充水通道分析与识别实践研究  

Practical study on analysis and identification of water-filled channels for drilling in working face

作　　者：聂继生 曹伟 薛飞洋 Nie Jisheng;Cao Wei;Xue Feiyang(The Fourth Institute of Resources and Environment Investigation of Henan Provinces Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,China;Zhengzhou Coal Mine Concealed Geological Hazards Integrated Prevention and Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省资源环境调查四院有限公司,河南郑州450016 [2]郑州市煤矿隐蔽地质灾害井地一体化防治工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《能源与环保》2025年第1期81-89,共9页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：为了研究工作面钻孔形成导水通道沟通含水层过程及对主要出水含水层的识别方法与指标,采用覆岩移动变形理论,以矿井沉陷观测值推演工作面回采对钻孔的影响,对导通含水层过程进行了分析,并在回采期间对钻孔及煤层回采涉及的主要含水层进行取样;采用Stiff图、Piper三线图、Durov图等对各含水层特征离子指标进行研究,并对钾钠氯离子和硫酸根离子及其组合进行比值分析,研究主要离子组分、总溶解固体(TDS)、离子比值间关系及相关性。结果表明,砂岩水以钾钠离子为主要阳离子,氯离子毫克当量百分比在20%以上,钾钠离子与氯离子比值远大于1,TDS大于2500 mg/L;寒灰水硫酸根离子占比较高,pH值在7.5~8.0,总硬度一般为砂岩水的2~3倍;第四系水钙离子为主要阳离子,钾钠氯离子与硫酸根离子比值趋近于1,总硬度中部分为非碳酸盐硬度,与砂岩水区别在于硬度一般25 mg/L以上且pH值在7.5以下,与寒灰水的区别在于第四系水硫酸根离子在20%以下。矿井内含水层中钾钠离子含量与TDS相关性强,且砂岩水钾钠离子与寒灰水、第四系水有明显差异,因而TDS可以作为判断砂岩水的直接指标。通过研究得出了适合矿井钻孔导通含水层的主要识别指标,矿井采样后分析主要特征离子,可对钻孔导通的主要含水层进行快速判别。In order to study the process of forming water-conducting channels through drilling in the working face to communicate with the aquifer,and to identify the methods and indicators for the main outflow aquifer,the process of water-conducting aquifers was analyzed by adopting the theory of overburden movement and deformation and deducing the influence of the working face mining on the drilling by the observed values of mine subsidence,the main aquifers involved in the drilling and coal seam mining were sampled during the period of mining,the characteristic ion indicators of each aquifer were studied by adopting Stiff diagrams,Piper trilinear diagram,and Durov diagram,and the ratio analysis of potassium,sodium,chloride and sulfate ions and their combinations were carried out to study the relationship and correlation among the main ionic fractions,total dissolved solids(TDS),and the ionic ratios.The results showed that potassium and sodium ions are the main cations in sandstone water,the percentage of chloride ions in milligram equivalent is more than 20%,the ratio of potassium,sodium and chloride ions was much larger than 1,and the TDS is more than 2500 mg/L.The sulfate ions of the chilled water accounts for a high percentage of the water,and the pH ranges from 7.5 to 8.0,and the total hardness is generally 2-3 times of that of the sandstone water.Calcium ion is the main cation in the fourth system water,the ratio of potassium and sodium to chloride ion and sulfate ion tends to be close to 1.The total hardness is divided into non-carbonate hardness in the middle of the hardness,and the difference between sandstone water and sandstone water is that the hardness is generally more than 25 mg/L and the pH is below 7.5,and the difference between cold gray water and cold gray water is that the sulfate ion in the fourth system water is below 20%.There is a strong correlation between potassium and sodium ion content and TDS in the aquifer in the mine,and there is an obvious difference between potassium and sodium ions in san

关 键 词：覆岩移动变形 水化学 水质分析 导水通道 含水层 

分 类 号：TD741[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]