非中空锚索高预应力全长锚固与注浆技术研究  

Research on high pre stress full-length anchoring and grouting technology for non-hollow anchor cables

作　　者：闫学忠 Yan Xuezhong(Qingshuiying Coal Mine,CHN Energy Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,YinChuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司清水营煤矿,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《能源与环保》2025年第1期279-286,共8页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：为了增强非中空锚索在破碎、松软巷道围岩中的适应性以及保持该类巷道围岩的稳定,研究了非中空锚索的高预应力全长锚固兼注浆技术。首先,分析了非中空锚索在破碎、松软巷道围岩中锚固困难、无法耦合破碎围岩的原因,并介绍了中空注浆锚索的不足;其次,开发了一种非中空高预应力全长锚固与注浆锚索技术,详细设计了非中空锚索的各部分结构和尺寸,并明确了该锚索的施工工艺;最后,将该锚索付诸工程实践并与普通锚索对比得出,该锚索注浆压力可以达到5MPa,浆液可以有效地扩散到距离锚索钻孔中心1.5m范围内,不仅实现了锚索全长锚固,而且有效地提高了裂隙围岩整体性与完整性。锚索锚固力在34d内的衰减对比普通锚索降低80%以上,有效保证了锚索的锚固稳定。巷道围岩变形量对比普通锚索降低50%以上,后期的围岩平均变形量维持在每天小于1mm,巷道围岩趋于稳定。研究成果不仅实现了普通锚索的锚注一体化大幅提高作业效率,而且可以为同类型巷道围岩控制提供可靠的技术支撑。The study focuses on the high prestress full-length anchoring and grouting technology of non-hollow anchor cables to enhance their adaptability in broken and soft roadway surrounding rock,and to keep the surrounding rock stability of the roadway.Firstly,the reasons for the difficulty and inability of non-hollow anchor cables to anchor and couple with fractured and soft roadway surrounding rock were analyzed,and the shortcomings of hollow grouting anchor cables were introduced.Secondly,a high pre stress full-length anchoring and grouting technology for non-hollow anchor cables was developed,with detailed design of the structure and dimensions of each component of the non-hollow anchor cable,as well as definition of the cable construction technology.Finally,the cable was implemented in engineering practice and compared with conventional cables.It was concluded that the grouting pressure of the cable can reach 5 MPa,allowing for effective slurry dispersion up to a distance of 1.5 m from the cable's central hole.This not only achieves complete anchoring of the cable but also significantly enhances the integrity and stability of fractured surrounding rock.The anchorage force attenuation of the anchor cable in 34 days is more than 80% lower compared to that of a standard anchor cable,effectively ensuring the stability of the anchoring.The deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway is reduced by over 50% when compared to a standard anchor cable,and the average deformation rate of the surrounding rock remains below 1 mm per day during later stages,indicating that the surrounding rock in the roadway tends to stabilize.The research findings not only achieve the integration of anchor and injection of common anchor cable,but also provide reliable technical supporting for the control of surrounding rock in similar roadways.

关 键 词：高预应力 全长锚固 锚索 注浆 锚固力 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]