基于物质流分析的1980—2020年长江经济带磷素流动特征分析  

Characterization of phosphorus flow in the Yangtze River economic zone from 1980 to 2020 based on substance flow analysis

作　　者：韩竺轩 张美一[1,3] 李立青 张洪[1,3] HAN Zhuxuan;ZHANG Meiyi;LI Liqing;ZHANG Hong(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第12期3394-3404,共11页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3203304)。

摘　　要：探究长江经济带磷素流动过程,可以从整体视角上明晰磷在生产消费过程中的关键环节,对于缓解“三磷”问题、优化长江经济带磷素管理具有重要意义。采用物质流分析法(substance flow analysis,SFA)量化长江经济带磷素流动情况,并对1980—2020年磷素组成结构和空间的年际变化进行分析。结果表明,1980—2020年,长江经济带磷化工和食物生产过程磷素利用率下降,分别由1980年的69.32%和55.98%降至2020年的46.18%和44.36%;无机磷肥输入和作物收获输出是长江经济带输入输出的主要组成部分,其分别占输入和输出的49.92%和43.97%。因此,作物种植子系统是磷素流动的关键环节。提高农业养分利用率、适当调整居民饮食结构有助于提高磷素利用率;长江经济带中下游城市磷素投入量涨幅明显,磷素投入强度呈现从上游到下游升高的趋势。长江经济带中上游城市以磷化工污染物为主,治理过程中更应注意提高磷尾矿、磷石膏等磷化工废弃物的综合利用效率,下游城市含磷污染源主要为居民生活污染,应加强污水收集,提高污水处理效果。以上研究结果可为长江经济带精准磷素管理提供参考。Exploring the process of phosphorus flow in the Yangtze River economic zone can clarify the key links of phosphorus production and consumption from a holistic perspective,which is of great significance to alleviate the"three phosphorus"problem and optimize the management of phosphorus in the Yangtze River economic zone.Substance flow analysis(SFA)was used to quantify the flow of phosphorus in the Yangtze River economic zone,and the interannual changes in the composition and space of phosphorus between 1980 and 2020 were analyzed.The results showed that from 1980 to 2020,the phosphorus utilization rate of phosphorus chemical and food production processes in the Yangtze River economic zone decreased from 69.32%and 55.98%to 46.18%and 44.36%,respectively;inorganic phosphorus fertilizer input and crop harvesting output were the main components of input and output in the Yangtze River economic zone,accounting for 49.92%and 43.97%of the input and output,respectively.Therefore,the crop cultivation subsystem was the key link of phosphorus flow.Improving the utilization rate of agricultural nutrients and appropriately adjusting the dietary structure of the population could help to improve the utilization rate of phosphorus;the phosphorus input volume of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River economic zone cities rose significantly,and the intensity of phosphorus inputs showed an increasing trend from upstream to downstream.Pollution in the cities along the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River were dominated by phosphorus chemical pollutants,and more attention should be paid to the comprehensive utilization efficiency of phosphorus tailings,phosphorus gypsum and other phosphorus chemical waste;while the sources of phosphorus-containing pollution in the downstream cities were mainly from the life of residents,so wastewater collection should be strengthened,sewage treatment effectiveness should be improved.The results of this study can provide a reference for precise phosphorus management in the Yangtze Ri

关 键 词：长江经济带 磷素流动 物质流分析法 流域环境管理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]