某钢铁企业周边遗留地块土壤多环芳烃分布、来源及风险评估  

Distribution,sources,and risk assessment of PAHs in the soil of a remaining site around a steel enterprise

作　　者：王硕 李佳斌 乔鹏炜 WANG Shuo;LI Jiabin;QIAO Pengwei(Institute of Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology(Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites),Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术研究院资源环境研究所,工业场地污染与修复北京市重点实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第12期3633-3641,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8222045);北京市科学技术研究院创新培育项目(2023G-0007)。

摘　　要：以钢铁企业周边遗留地块为研究对象,采集并测定了土壤样品488个,分析了7种土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)空间分布特征,量化了土壤PAHs污染水平,利用PMF软件对土壤PAHs进行溯源,并对7种土壤PAHs进行人体健康风险评估计算。结果表明:研究区7种PAHs质量浓度均值均低于GB36600—2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》一类用地筛选值,总体污染程度不高。7种PAHs呈高变异性,存在人为干扰。7种PAHs两两之间呈显著正相关。通过内梅罗综合污染指数法、毒性当量法进行土壤PAHs污染评价,垂向上,表层土壤(0~1 m)PAHs污染程度高于下层土壤(1~2 m)。水平上,不同工业企业的污染程度表现出:模型厂>煤料堆场>电器厂>电机厂>塑料厂>公交场站>热力厂。PMF研究结果显示土壤中PAHs主要来自化石燃料燃烧源、交通排放源及企业自身排放源。通过人体健康风险评估计算,Baa、Bbf、Bap、Inp、Daa 5种PAHs污染物对人体的致癌健康风险超过风险控制值1.0×10^(−6),需要对这5种污染物进行修复。煤料堆场、模型厂的致癌风险及非致癌风险最为严重,最大质量浓度点位为LJ27。该研究成果为PAHs污染场地修复治理提供技术支撑。This article took the legacy plot around steel enterprises as the research object,collected and determined 488 soil samples,analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of 7 types of soil PAHs,quantified the pollution level of soil PAHs,used PMF to trace the source of soil PAHs,and conducted human health risk assessment calculations on 7 types of soil PAHs.The results showed that the average mass concentration of 7 types of PAHs in the study area was lower than the screening value of Class I land of GB36600—2018 Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard For Soil Contamination Of Development Land,and the overall pollution level was not high.7 types of PAHs exhibited high variability and were subject to human interference.There was a significant positive correlation between the 7 types of PAHs pairwise.Soil PAHs pollution was evaluated using the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and toxicity equivalent method.Vertically,the degree of PAH pollution in the surface soil(0~1 m)was higher than that in the lower soil(1~2 m).Horizontally,the pollution level of different industrial enterprises showed:model plants>coal storage yards>electrical plants>motor plants>plastic plants>bus stops>thermal plants.The PMF results showed that PAHs in soil mainly came from fossil fuel combustion sources,transportation emissions sources,and corporate emissions sources.According to human health risk assessment calculations,the carcinogenic health risk of five PAHs pollutants,Baa,Bbf,Bap,Inp,and Daa,to the human body exceeded the risk control value of 1.0×10^(−6).Therefore,it was necessary to remediate these five pollutants.The carcinogenic risk and hazard quotient of coal storage yards and model plants were the most severe,with the maximum mass concentration point at LJ27.This research achievement provided technical support for the remediation and treatment of PAHs contaminated sites.

关 键 词：钢铁企业 道路主干线 多环芳烃 来源 风险评估 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]