基于DesignBuilder的农宅院落空间热环境分析——以山东地区某典型农宅为例  

Spatial Thermal Environment Analysis of Farmhouse Compound Based on DesignBuilder Modelling——An Example of a Typical Farmhouse in Shandong

作　　者：金明明 JIN Mingming(Shanghai Architectural Design and Research Institute CO.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海建筑设计研究院有限公司,上海200000

出　　处：《绿色建筑》2025年第1期101-108,共8页Green Building

摘　　要：院落空间作为传统农宅的重要空间形态,具有调节室内微气候的作用。基于山东地区典型院落空间形式,利用DesignBuilder平台的3种建模方式,通过模拟院落的温度变化情况与实测数据对比,分析了3种模型结果的可靠性,提出了农宅院落空间热环境的最佳建模方式,进而研究了院落空间四季典型气象日的热环境状况。结果表明,采用顶部开窗方式的农宅院落模型,其模拟结果最接近于实测值。冬季院落空间较室外高5℃,可有效阻挡冷空气进入,起到热缓冲的作用;而夏季无绿植遮挡的院落空间在14:00温度最高,可达到40℃,升温过快,会影响农宅室内通风换气效果。另外,院落空间春冬季节相对湿度较小,长时间维持在30%以下,较为干燥;而夏季相对湿度基本在30%~60%,较为适宜。以期为农村院落空间及室内热环境研究提供技术参考。As an important spatial form of traditional farmhouse,the courtyard space has the role of regulating indoor microclimate.Based on the typical form of courtyard space in Shandong,three modelling methods of DesignBuilder platform are used to analyse the reliability of the results of the three models by comparing the simulated temperature changes of the courtyard with the measured data,and to propose the best modelling method for the thermal environment of the courtyard space of a farmhouse,and then to study the thermal environment of the courtyard space on a typical meteorological day in four seasons.The results show that the simulation results of the farmhouse courtyard model with top windows are closest to the measured values.In winter,the courtyard space is 5℃higher than the outdoor space,which can effectively block the entry of cold air and play the role of thermal buffer;while in summer,the temperature of the courtyard space without greenery shielding is the highest at 14:00,which can reach 40℃,and the warming is too fast,which will affect the effect of indoor ventilation in the farmhouse.In addition,the relative humidity in the courtyard space is small in spring and winter,maintaining below 30%for a long time,which is relatively dry;while the relative humidity in summer is basically between 30%and 60%,which is more suitable.The results of the study can provide technical reference for the study of rural courtyard space and indoor thermal environment.

关 键 词：DesignBuilder 建模分析 农宅院落 热环境 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]