基于圆渐开线的变截面涡旋型线构建与性能研究  

Construction and Performance Research of Variable Cross-Section Scroll Profile Based on the Base Circle Involute

作　　者：侯才生 丁鹏飞 虎晓春 HOU Cai-sheng;DING Peng-fei;HU Xiao-chun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学机械工程学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《压缩机技术》2025年第1期13-18,共6页Compressor Technology

基　　金：宁夏重点研发项目(引才专项)(2023BSB03017);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03101)。

摘　　要：采用变截面涡旋型线是提升涡旋压缩机性能的有效途径之一,然而现有变截面涡旋型线存在加工难度大、性能不稳定等弊端。为此采用性能稳定、便于加工特性的基圆渐开线,构建了一种新型的变截面涡旋型线,并建立了该型线的基本几何理论。为定量衡量该型线的性能,引入了容积性能中的2个重要指标—压缩比与径向泄漏线长度,力学性能中的一个关键指标—轴向气体力,对其性能进行评价。研究结果表明:在基本参数相同的条件下,与单一基圆渐开线构成的等截面型线、基圆渐开线-高次曲线-基圆渐开线以及基圆渐开线-高次曲线-圆弧构成的传统变截面型线相比,新构建变截面型线的容积性能和力学性能更具优势,压缩比分别提高了28.62%、16.51%和7.58%;径向泄漏线长度分别缩短了26.56%、16.37%和14.23%;而所承受的轴向气体力也显著变小,尤其是未引入高次曲线的型线,其轴向气体力的变化幅度明显较小。The use of variable cross-section scroll profile is one of the effective ways to improve the performance of scroll compressor.However,the existing variable cross-section scroll profiles have many disadvantages,such as difficult processing and unstable performance.For this reason,this paper adopted the base circle involute with stable performance and easy processing characteristics to construct a new type of variable cross-section scroll profile,and established the basic geometric theory of the profile.At the same time,two important indexes of volumetric performance,namely compression ratio and radial leakage line length,and a key index of mechanical performance,that is axial gas force,were introduced to evaluate its performance quantitatively.The results show that under the same basic parameters,compared with the equal cross-section profile formed by a single base circle involute as well as the traditional variable cross-section profile formed by the base circle involute,high-order curve and base circle involute or circular arc,the volumetric performance and mechanical performance of the newly constructed variable cross-section profile are more advantageous,the compression ratio increased by 28.62%,16.51%and 7.58%respectively.The length of radial leakage line is shortened by 26.56%,16.37%and 14.23%respectively.The axial gas force is also significantly reduced,especially for the profile without the introduction of high-order curve,the change range of the axial gas force is obviously smaller.

关 键 词：涡旋压缩机 基圆渐开线 变截面型线 容积性能 轴向气体力 

分 类 号：TH45[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]