某院呼吸道感染病原菌分布特点及对常见抗生素敏感性的研究  

Study on the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection and their sensitivity to common antibiotics in a hospital

作　　者：庞松松 王小蕾 PANG Songsong;WANG Xiaolei(Affiliated Hanjiang Hospital of Xi'an Medical University,Hanzhong 723003;Hanzhong Railway Central Hospital,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院附属汉江医院,陕西汉中723003 [2]汉中市铁路中心医院,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2025年第6期9-12,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的 研究某院呼吸道感染病原菌分布特点及对常见抗生素的敏感性。方法 采集西安医学院附属汉江医院2020年2月至2023年2月收治的1 187例呼吸道感染患者的临床资料及病原学检测结果,分析病原菌分布情况及对常见抗生素的敏感性。结果 1 187例呼吸道感染患者样本中共分离出病原菌1 238株,其中革兰氏阴性菌875株,占比70.68%,革兰氏阳性菌363株,占比29.32%。病原菌以肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎链球菌及大肠埃希菌多见。肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌及大肠埃希菌对常见抗生素的敏感率分别为70.63%~99.76%、68.35%~93.53%、33.60%~72.80%、31.40%~100.00%。金黄色葡萄球菌及肺炎链球菌对常见抗生素的敏感率分别为6.71%~100.00%、13.98%~100.00%。结论 某院呼吸道感染患者病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,且不同病原菌对抗生素的敏感性存在一定差异,临床工作中应按照药敏试验结果合理选用抗生素。Objective To study the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection and their sensitivity to common antibiotics in a hospital.Methods The clinical data and etiological test results of 1187 patients with respiratory tract infection admitted in Affiliated Hanjiang Hospital of Xi'an Medical University from February 2020 to February 2023 were collected,and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their sensitivity to common antibiotics were analyzed.Results A total of 1238 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 1187 samples of patients with respiratory tract infection,including 875 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 70.68%,and 363 strains of Gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 29.32%.The most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.The sensitivity rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli to common antibiotics were 70.63%-99.76%,68.35%-93.53%,33.60%-72.80%and 31.40%-100.00%,respectively.The sensitivity rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae to common antibiotics were 6.71%-100.00%and 13.98%-100.00%,respectively.Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria of patients with respiratory tract infection in a hospital are mainly Gram-negative bacteria,and there are some differences in the sensitivity of different pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics.In clinical work,antibiotics should be reasonably selected according to the results of drug sensitivity test.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 病原菌 抗生素 敏感性 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]