能动性、中间政府与治理资源配置:一个关于层层加码的整体性解释  

Ageney,Intermediate Government,and Governance Resource Allocation:A Holistic Explanation of Top-Down Escalation

作　　者：杨雪冬 赵家坤 Yang Xuedong;Zhao Jiakun

机构地区：[1]清华大学政治学系

出　　处：《治理研究》2025年第1期48-64,F0002,158,共19页Governance Studies

摘　　要：“层层加码”是当代中国地方治理中一个突出现象,受到理论和实践界的密切关注。然而,对多层级治理体系中层层加码的生成和变异机理还缺乏一般性讨论,尤其没有区分加码行为的分化,没有解释为什么有的政策会引发层层加码,有的政策鲜有加码举措。本文基于压力型体制解释,结合政治锦标赛和政府间共谋解释,发展出一个“结构—资源—能动”的三元分析框架,讨论了加码行为的层级转化动力机制和分化样态,推进了现有的解释。文章认为,在多层级治理体系中,处于上下级之间的中间政府决定着压力传导强度和加码阈值大小,直接影响着下级的行为调整,进而导致加码的叠加或终止。因此,要改进多层级治理体系的运行,应该把重点放在中间政府层级。Top-Down Escalation ’s ( ceng ceng jia ma)prominence in China’s local governance has attracted signifi-cant attention in both theoretical and practical circles. What is little discused, however, is the generation , and the varie-ty, of Top-Down Escalation mechanisms in multi-level governance systems. An intriguing question in the differentiation a-mong escalation behaviors. Why do some policies trigger "Top-Down Escalation" but others do not? Is this merely the re-sult of China’s Pressurized System combined with its well-known Political Toumamenbs and Intergovemmental Collusion?This paper develops a structure"resource "ageney triadic framework to analyze the hierarchical transformation dynamics anddifferentiated patters of escalation behaviors. Our findings show that, in a multi-level governance system , the intermedi-ate govemment, situated between superior and subordinate levels, determines the intensity of pressure transmission and thethreshold for escalation. This is meant to directly influence the behavioral adjustments of the lower level governments, lead-ing to the accumulation or termination of escalation. Given these dynamics, any improvements in the operation of multi-level goverance systems should begin with a focus on the influence wielded by the intermediate goverment levels.

关 键 词：层层加码 能动性 中间政府 治理资源配置 多层级结构 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]