人工智能时代数字巨头的技术权力及其对“全球南方”的挑战  

Technological Power of Digital Giants in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Its Challenge to the Global South

作　　者：孙志伟 殷浩铖 SUN Zhiwei;YIN Haocheng(School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Shanghai International Studies University;National Security Education Research Center,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai,200083)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院 [2]上海外国语大学国家安全教育研究中心,上海200083

出　　处：《国际安全研究》2025年第2期142-164,168,共24页Journal of International Security Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“全球人工智能治理的国际合作机制研究”(项目编号:24BZZ043)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人工智能技术赋予了技术权力不同以往的新内涵,不仅延续了传统意义上权力对稀缺资源的依赖,还通过工具性、话语性和制度性三重维度进一步深化了对“全球南方”的安全影响。技术权力源自数字巨头对核心技术、配套资源和治理规则的掌控,直接影响了“全球南方”在经济结构调整和社会发展中的治理路径,并加剧其技术依附和安全脆弱性。同时,数字巨头在技术跨国应用过程中携带的隐性价值观和治理逻辑,进一步嵌入相关国家的社会结构,带来了更为复杂的社会与政治安全隐患。随着人工智能的成熟与普及,技术权力对“全球南方”的安全挑战愈发严重。如何实现技术权力的公平分配,弥合南北之间的技术能力差距,并通过多边合作机制构建包容性技术生态,已成为当前国际社会面临的关键议题之一。这不仅关乎“全球南方”的技术独立性和安全利益,还将决定全球安全格局和治理体系在人工智能时代的未来演进方向。The development of artificial intelligence technology is reshaping the global technological and political power landscape.Technology can change the industrial structure and improve productivity,and technological power is manifested in the research and development and application of advanced technology.Different from the traditional state-led model of technology research and development and application,digital giants in the era of artificial intelligence are accumulating strength through technological development and platform operation,becoming new representatives of contemporary technological power.These relevant giants have not only become the main drivers of technological innovation,but also gained strong technological power on a global scale,generating different policy responses from latecomers.On the one hand,the late-coming countries aspire to achieve leapfrog development via artificial intelligence technology.On the other hand,the development of technology also brings security concerns to the late-coming countries,causes competition between the late-coming countries and the digital giants,and poses severe challenges for the late-coming countries in their efforts to promote the development of their own artificial intelligence.In the future,technological power will exert an important impact on the pattern of international relations.With the maturity and popularization of technology,the influence of digital giants is no longer limited to the economic and scientific fields.The increasing technological dependence of the countries of the Global South,the escalation of the international technological competition,and the widening technological gap between the late-coming countries and the digital giants will be further highlighted.In order to meet the new challenges brought about by technological development,it is urgent for actors such as digital giants,pioneering countries and latecoming countries to forge efficient and responsible cooperation in promoting the inclusive development of technology and the realizati

关 键 词：人工智能 国家安全 全球南方 技术权力 数字巨头 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] TP18[政治法律—政治学]