乡村振兴背景下湖北省脱贫县与非贫困县乡镇卫生院运行效率分析  

Analysis of the operational efficiency of township health centers in poverty-lifted counties and non-poverty counties in Hubei Province under the backdrop of rural revitalization

作　　者：李红念 覃焱芳 丘佳琪 潘懿 王全[1] Li Hongnian;Qin Yanfang;Qiu Jiaqi;Pan Yi;Wang Quan(School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学公共卫生学院,武汉430071

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2024年第11期880-887,共8页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：中国盖茨基金会农村基本卫生保健项目湖北省子项目(cs-2019-10)。

摘　　要：目的研究乡村振兴新时期湖北省脱贫县和非贫困县乡镇卫生院的运行效率,为进一步促进乡镇卫生院补齐发展短板,提升服务能力提供参考。方法资料来源于湖北省卫生健康统计年报、卫生财务年报等数据库中2022年的相关数据。将湖北省36个脱贫县和47个非贫困县的1010家乡镇卫生院在职卫生技术人员数、业务用房面积、实有床位数、万元以上设备数作为投入变量,出院人次数、总诊疗人次数、接受健康管理的65岁及以上老年人数量、接受规范管理的高血压和2型糖尿病患者数量作为产出变量,常住人口数、人均地区生产总值、人口密度、城镇化率、地方一般公共预算收入作为环境变量,运用三阶段数据包络法(DEA)测度湖北省脱贫县与非贫困县乡镇卫生院的运行效率。结果环境变量对脱贫县和非贫困县乡镇卫生院的运行效率有不同影响(P<0.01)。剔除其影响后,湖北省脱贫县和非贫困县乡镇卫生院的综合技术效率、纯技术效率及规模效率分别为0.894、0.960、0.931和0.840、0.919、0.911;脱贫县乡镇卫生院纯技术有效的有22个,占61.10%,规模效率为1的有13个,占36.00%,且规模报酬递增的有19个,占52.78%;非贫困县乡镇卫生院纯技术有效的有22个,占46.80%,规模效率为1的有13个,占27.66%,且规模报酬递增的有22个,占46.81%。结论脱贫县运行效率优于非贫困县。脱贫县乡镇卫生院运行效率不佳的主要原因是偏低的规模效率,非贫困县乡镇卫生院运行效率不佳主要是由于技术发展和规模投入不足。建议脱贫县乡镇卫生院要抓住乡村振兴战略机遇,合理扩张;非贫困县乡镇卫生院要在提升基础医疗服务能力的同时,创新发展方式。Objective To study the operational efficiency of township health centers in poverty-lifted and non-poverty counties in Hubei Province in the new era of rural revitalization,so as to provide a reference for further promoting township health centers to make up for their shortcomings and improve their service capabilities.Methods Data was sourced from databases such as the Health and Health Statistics Annual Report,Health Finance Annual Report of Hubei Province for the year 2022.The number of health technicians,business premises area,actual bed count,and the number of equipment worth more than 10000 yuan in 1010 township health centers from 36 poverty-lifted counties and 47 non-poverty counties in Hubei Province were taken as input variables.The number of discharged patients,total outpatient visits,the number of people aged 65 and above receiving health management,and the number of hypertensive and type 2 diabetes patients receiving standardized management were taken as output variables.The number of permanent population,per capita regional GDP,population density,urbanization rate,and local general public budget investment were taken as environmental variables.The three-stage data envelopment analysis(DEA)method was applied to measure the operational efficiency of township health centers in poverty-lifted and non-poverty counties in Hubei Province.Results Environmental variables had different impacts on the operational efficiency of township health centers in poverty-lifted and non-poverty counties(P<0.01).After removing the impacts,the comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of township health centers in poverty-lifted and non-poverty counties in Hubei Province were 0.894,0.960,0.931 and 0.840,0.919,0.911,respectively;there were 22 pure technical efficiency township health centers in poverty-lifted counties,accounting for 61.10%,with 13 having a scale efficiency of 1,accounting for 36.00%,and 19 with increasing returns to scale,accounting for 52.78%;there were 22 pure techn

关 键 词：乡村卫生服务 卫生服务研究 乡镇卫生院 乡村振兴 三阶段数据包络法 运行效率 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]