应重视膝关节置换术后远期并发症假体松动的诊治  

Diagnosis and treatment of long-term complication of prosthesis loosening after knee arthroplasty should be emphasized

作　　者：秦海 张桂云 那开宪[2] Qin Hai;Zhang Guiyun;Na Kaixian(Balizhuang Second Community Health Service Center,Chaoyang District,Beijing 100025,China;Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]北京朝阳区八里庄第二社区卫生服务中心,北京100025 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院,北京100020

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2025年第3期46-48,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过一例人工全膝关节置换术后远期并发症假体松动的典型案例,认识人工全膝关节置换术后远期并发症假体松动诊治的重要性.方法通过该典型案例诊治过程,结合文献复习,认识到人工全膝关节置换术后早期及晚期假体松动的特点、如何诊断假体松动及采用合适的治疗方法.结果全膝关节置换术后翻修的患者中早期组中的翻修原因主要为假体周围感染、假体松动、关节不稳、疼痛,其中以假体周围感染、假体松动、关节不稳较为常见.晚期组中翻修的主要原因为假体周围感染、假体松动、关节不稳、聚乙烯磨损和疼痛,其中以假体松动及假体周围感染较为常见.假体松动的主要临床表现是膝关节疼痛、肿胀、活动受限等症状,出现这些症状应及时就医,以便早期发现和处理假体松动等并发症.X线是最常用的检查方法.结论应重视人工全膝关节置换术后远期并发症假体松动诊治的重要性.Objective Through a typical case of long-term complication of prosthesis loosening after total knee arthroplasty,understand the importance of diagnosis and treatment of long-term complication of prosthesis loosening after total knee arthroplasty.Methods Through the diagnosis and treatment process of this typical case and combined with literature review,understand the characteristics of early and late prosthesis loosening after total knee arthroplasty,how to diagnose prosthesis loosening and treatment methods.Results Among the patients undergoing revision after total knee arthroplasty,the main reasons for revision in the early group are periprosthetic infection,prosthesis loosening,joint instability and pain.The more common reasons are periprosthetic infection,prosthesis loosening and joint instability.In the late group,the main reasons for revision are periprosthetic infection,prosthesis loosening,joint instability,polyethylene wear and pain.The more common reasons in the late group are prosthesis loosening and periprosthetic infection.The main clinical manifestations of prosthesis loosening are symptoms such as knee pain,swelling and limited movement.When these symptoms appear,medical treatment should be sought in time to detect and deal with complications such as prosthesis loosening early.X-ray is the most commonly used examination method.Conclusion The importance of diagnosis and treatment of long-term complication of prosthesis loosening after total knee arthroplasty should be emphasized.

关 键 词：人工全膝关节置换术 假体松动 疼痛 X线检查 翻修手术 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]