孙思邈灸疗学术通考与成就探微  

Systematic research and exploration of SUN Simiao's moxibustion academic achievements

作　　者：刘立安[1] 孟月 陈泽霖 孙永章 王育林[1] LIU Li’an;MENG Yue;CHEN Zelin;SUN Yongzhang;WANG Yulin(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100700,China;Fuyang Special Committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京100700 [3]世界中医药学会联合会扶阳专委会,北京100101

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2025年第1期49-54,共6页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(No.2024-JYB-JBZD-073);北京中医药大学教育科学研究课题(No.XJY24045);北京中医药大学“岐黄英才·优秀青年科技人才培育计划”(No.K2023D01);中华中医药学会青年人才托举工程项目(No.2021-QNRC2-B09);国家社会科学基金项目(No.18BZS174)。

摘　　要：文章基于文献学、历史学、考据学、中医针灸学等多学科方法,对处于中医史第二次总结期的唐代孙思邈之灸疗学术进行了系统考证,探析了相应成就。考察了孙思邈对唐以前医家灸疗经验的集录与保存,及其对灸疗在中医药体系中地位的刍议。梳理、重构、呈现了孙思邈首次系统论述的灸疗范式,具体涵盖灸疗部位、灸疗体位、用炷大小、施灸量多少、灸治顺序等方面。后从承继与嬗变两方面着眼,全面剖析了孙思邈在灸理、灸法、灸禁等方面对前人的继承与发挥,展现了其在灸疗预防思想、灸疗急救、灸脉对应等方面的思考。总结而言,孙思邈的灸疗学术思想较全面地继承了唐前诸家,其所论述的系统性范式一直沿用至今,其小炷施灸、灸疗时空禁忌等创新实践及论述对后世针灸学多有启发;以孙思邈的灸疗学术可以管窥唐代包容的医学乃至社会学术气象,助力“以史为鉴,面向未来”。Based on the multi-disciplinary methods of acupuncture and moxibustion,philology,history,and textual research,this paper systematically researched the moxibustion academic of SUN Simiao in the Tang dynasty,which was in the second summary period of the history of Chinese medicine,and analyzed the corresponding achievements.Examined SUN Simiao's collection and preservation of the medical experience of moxibustion therapy before the Tang dynasty,as well as his humble opinion on the position of moxibustion therapy in the traditional Chinese medicine system.The system reorganizes,reconstructs,and presents the moxibustion paradigm that first systematically proposed by SUN Simiao,covering specific aspects such as the moxibustion site,the moxibustion position,the size of the moxibustion stick,the amount of moxibustion applied,and the order of moxibustion treatment.From the perspectives of inheritance and evolution,this article comprehensively analyzes SUN Simiao's inheritance and development of moxibustion theory,moxibustion methods,moxibustion prohibition,and other aspects from his predecessors,demonstrating his thoughts on moxibustion prevention,moxibustion emergency treatment,and moxibustion pulse correspondence.To sum up,SUN Simiao's academic thought of moxibustion therapy has more comprehensively inherited various schools of thought before the Tang dynasty,and the systematic paradigm he discussed has been used up to now.His innovative practices and discussions on moxibustion with small sticks and the space-time taboos of moxibustion therapy have much inspiration for the study of acupuncture and moxibustion in later generations;SUN Simiao's moxibustion therapy can provide insight into the inclusive medical and even social academic atmosphere of the Tang dynasty,helping to ‘learn from history and face the future'.

关 键 词：孙思邈 学术思想 灸疗学术史 历史成就 医史文献考证 

分 类 号：R249[医药卫生—中医临床基础]