低碳转型背景下全球绿色供应链的创新与机遇  

Innovation and challenges of the global green supply chain inthe context of a low-carbon transition

作　　者：曾现来[1,2] 李金惠[1,2] 贺克斌[1,3] Xianlai Zeng;Jinhui Li;Kebin He(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Iron and Steel Industry Environmental Protection,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute for Carbon Neutrality,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学钢铁工业环境保护全国重点实验室,北京100084 [3]清华大学碳中和研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第4期549-555,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92462301,72394402);延安大学“研究阐释党的二十大精神”专项项目(2022YDZX14);清华大学气候变化与碳中和国际合作联合行动科学研究类项目资助

摘　　要：党的二十大报告提出:“着力提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平”.供应链(supply chain)是指生产及流通过程中,将产品提供给最终用户活动的上游与下游部门所形成的网链结构,即将产品从生产者流向消费者的整个链条.产业链供应链是社会工业经济的命脉,其稳定畅通对工业经济平稳运行和产业可持续发展至关重要.国务院办公厅2017年发布了《关于积极推进供应链创新与应用的指导意见》,落实绿色制造、积极推行绿色流通、完善逆向物流体系,对涉及供应链的具体任务进行了全面细致的分解.From the perspective of the whole lifecycle, green supply chain management is committed to the ecological design of theentire supply chain, and promotes the harmonization of all links in environmental management, so as to enhance theenvironmental efficiency and resource efficiency of the entire supply chain. Enhancing the resilience and security level ofthe industrial chain supply chain and establishing a sound economic system of green, low-carbon and recyclingdevelopment have become important measures to address climate change and sustainable development.With the rapid exploitation of underground mineral resources, most of the primary materials supporting the supply chainare increasingly in short supply, and resource security and supply chain security are facing unprecedented adjustments;thesupply chain framework has gradually covered the whole lifecycle from the traditional focus on the upstream design andmanufacturing process, and China’s corresponding regulations, policies, and technological research and development havebeen undergoing rapid innovation — from passive response to active response. However, the formal recycling rate of ewasteis only about 20%. China generated about fifteen million tons of fourteen types of e-waste in 2023, more than onethird still existed at home without entering the collection channel, and only 9% of the current recycling through the cycleoccurred from the recycled materials. As a result, the global green supply chain is facing unprecedented opportunities: therapid surge in solid waste generation provides a material basis for the utilization of recycled resources in the green supplychain;the cost of resource recycling is gradually declining, providing an economic basis for the utilization of recycledmaterials in the green supply chain;and materials recycling has a significant energy-saving and emission-reduction effect,providing a social basis for the utilization of recycled resources in the green supply chain. Material flow indicates that themeeting ratio of recycled resou

关 键 词：供应链 产业可持续发展 绿色制造 国务院办公厅 最终用户 低碳转型 绿色流通 产业链 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F113[经济管理—国际贸易] F274[经济管理—世界经济]