打破技术封锁:逆机会与资源稀缺双困局下的大企业创业——基于资源拼凑与编排的纾解  

Breaking the Technological Blockade:Entrepreneurship of Large Enterprises under the Double Dilemma of Counter Opportunity and Resource Scarcity:Reduction Based on Resource Bricolage and Orchestration

作　　者：牛璐[1] 陈志军[2] 刘振[3] 徐鹏[4] Niu Lu;Chen Zhijun;Liu Zhen;Xu Peng(College of Management,Ocean University of China;School of Management,Shandong University;School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Shandong University;School of Business Administration,Shandong University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学管理学院 [2]山东大学管理学院 [3]山东大学国际创新转化学院 [4]山东财经大学工商管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2025年第2期67-79,共13页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72272088);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MG004);泰山学者工程专项(tsqn202103095)资助。

摘　　要：现有实践表明,单纯的技术研发并不能实现“卡脖子”问题的完全脱困,从技术到市场的过程仍需跨越从创新到创业的鸿沟,以公司创业突破“卡脖子”困境正在成为我国大企业突围式发展的重要模式。但国外厂商技术和市场的垄断既阻隔了行业内创业机会,又带来了我国企业特定创业资源的稀缺。如何解决这种双困局并构建关键技术驱动的创业赶超,成为我国大企业突围过程中亟待解决的问题。为此,本文依托资源拼凑和编排理论,以海信集团在芯片领域的公司创业为对象,遵循“创业困局—驱动机制—行动机制—创业模式”逻辑主线,探索大企业应对逆机会和资源稀缺困局的技术突破动机、路径及实现方式问题,挖掘大企业通过公司创业突破“卡脖子”瓶颈的内在机制。本研究发现:这一过程的主导逻辑为手段与目标导向并存、交互与分阶段演化;逆机会和资源稀缺困局的动态纾解,遵循“手头资源—资源重构—资源结构化—资源捆绑—资源利用转化”的演进机制;关键技术驱动的大企业创业呈现出“追赶型—超越型—市场导向型”的动态演进过程。本研究丰富了创业研究的差异化情境,对剖析我国企业成功突破“卡脖子”瓶颈的内在机制及拓展资源拼凑和编排理论的适用情境均具有积极意义。Existing practices indicate that merely focusing on technological research and development cannot completely resolve the“bottleneck”issues.The process of transitioning from technology to market still requires bridging the gap from innovation to entrepreneurship.Company-driven entrepreneurship to break through the“bottleneck”dilemma has become an important model for major enterprises in China to achieve breakthrough development.However,the technological and market monopolies held by foreign firms not only block entrepreneurial opportunities within the industry,but also leads to a scarcity of specific entrepreneurial resources for Chinese companies.Addressing this dual dilemma and building an entrepreneurial leap driven by critical technologies has become an urgent issue in the process of breakthrough development for large enterprises in China.In terms of theoretical progress,existing research on the“bottleneck”challenge presents two key issues that need further exploration.First,the research perspectives are relatively singular,limiting the explanatory power of many phenomena.Second,there is insufficient attention to the study of“bottleneck”technologies and products with high levels of marketization.The former primarily focuses on the perspective of latecomer catch-up,but research specifically addressing transformation strategies and behaviors after the catchup phase is rare.The latter tends to focus more on domestic replacements and catch-up for large,complex products like tunnel boring machines and mainline aircraft,but lacks targeted research on“bottleneck”products represented by chips that have fast technological updates,high marketization,and large shipment volumes.Upon further review of the literature,this paper identifies resource bricolage and orchestration theory as the theoretical foundations.The former focuses on how to creatively utilize available resources to seize or even create opportunities during the initial stage of entrepreneurship,while the latter examines how to arrange rel

关 键 词：逆机会 资源稀缺 公司创业 资源拼凑 资源编排 

分 类 号：F426.6[经济管理—产业经济] F273.1F272