双峰驼繁殖与非繁殖季下丘脑、垂体差异基因筛选与分析  

Screening and Analysis of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Differential Genes in the Breeding and Non-breeding Seasons of Bactrian Camel

作　　者：谢望为 刘鹤洁 吉木斯 娜哈雅 哈斯高娃[1] 张永昌 TSERENNADMID Sodnompi 士惠杰 张馨娜 娜仁花[1] XIE Wangwei;LIU Hejie;Jimusi;Nahaya;Hasigaowa;ZHANG Yongchang;TSERENNADMID Sodnompil;SHI Huijie;ZHANG Xinna;Narenhua(College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院高水平成果培育专项项目(CG202403)。

摘　　要：下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis,HPGA)是双峰驼繁殖过程中重要的神经内分泌调节中枢。双峰驼HPGA上下丘脑、垂体季节性繁殖相关基因未得到充分研究。本研究以繁殖(BS组)与非繁殖季节(NBS组)的双峰驼母驼下丘脑、垂体组织为研究对象,通过酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定组织上促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、褪黑素(MLT)、促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、雌激素(E2)和孕激素(PROG)等生殖激素的浓度差异,通过转录组测序技术筛选影响季节性繁殖关键基因,使用RT-qPCR(quantitative real-time PCR)检测在双峰驼下丘脑、垂体组织上关键基因的mRNA水平。结果显示,在繁殖与非繁殖季节上下丘脑、垂体组织分别检测出553个和891个差异表达mRNA,在下丘脑筛选出GUCY1A2、RORA、PLA2G4F和IGF1等关键候选基因,在垂体中筛选出PLD1、FBXL3、APC、CDC20等关键候选基因,这些基因可能在生殖激素分泌、排卵、细胞周期卵泡发育、卵母细胞减数分裂、昼夜节律夹带和昼夜节律生物钟等方面参与调控双峰驼季节性繁殖并起到重要作用。经RT-qPCR技术验证,上述8个关键候选基因的表达模式与转录组测序结果相一致,为揭示双峰驼季节性繁殖的调控机制及提高繁殖力提供理论依据。The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonad Axis(HPGA)serves as a pivotal neuroendocrine regulatory center in the reproductive process of Bactrian camels.Despite its significance,the seasonal reproduction-related genes within the HPGA of these camels have not been thoroughly investigated.This study focused on the hypothalamus and pituitary tissues of female Bactrian camels during both breeding season(BS group)and non-breeding season(NBS group).The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)was em-ployed to measure the concentration differences of reproductive hormones,including Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone(GnRH),Melatonin(MLT),Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(FSH),Luteinizing Hormone(LH),Estradiol(E2),and Progesterone(PROG)in these tissues.Additionally,the transcriptome sequencing technology was utilized to screen for key genes that influence seasonal reproduction,while the Quantitative Real-Time PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to detect the mRNA levels of these genes in the hypothal-amus and pituitary tissues of Bactrian camels.The results revealed 553 and 891 differentially expressed mRNAs in the hypothalamus and pituitary tissues,respectively,between the breeding and non-breeding seasons.Key candidate genes,including GUCY1A2,RO⁃RA,PLA2G4F,and IGF1,were identified in the hypothalamus,while PLD1,FBXL3,APC,and CDC20 emerged as crucial players in the pituitary.These genes are postulated to play vital roles in regulating seasonal reproduction in Bactrian camels by modulating reproductive hormone secretion,ovulation,cell cycle follicular development,oocyte meiosis,circadian entrainment,and circadian clock functions.The RT-qPCR validation confirmed the expression patterns of these eight key candidate genes were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results,providing a theoretical basis for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of seasonal reproduc-tion in Bactrian camels and enhancing their reproductive performance.

关 键 词：双峰驼 下丘脑 垂体 生殖激素 繁殖和非繁殖季节 转录组测序 

分 类 号：S824[农业科学—畜牧学]