他人之絮语:清代闺秀诗文集序跋整体观照  

Other People’s Discourse:A Comprehensive Study of Prefaces and Postscripts in Qing Dynasty Female Writer’s Anthologies

作　　者：邢小萱 XING Xiaoxuan

机构地区：[1]深圳职业技术大学人文教研室,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2025年第2期149-160,共12页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

摘　　要：有清一代,闺秀作家创作体量及作品出版数量的增长,缀于闺秀诗文集前后的序跋数量也随之增加。基于闺秀作家的独特身份及闺秀文学的特殊定位,清代闺秀诗文集序跋形成了自己的获取机制、作者圈层及书写程式。于序跋获取机制上,因闺阁女子的身份所限,女作家的男性亲族成为了为闺秀诗文集贡献序跋的主力,不过女作家主动向亲族师友请序及部分男性文人主动题序的情况亦时时可见。从序跋的作者成分看,男性亲族为女作家与主流文坛之间最为重要的系结纽带,男性亲属的交谊范围在极大程度上决定了女性作家的潜在交际网络可延展至何处。于书写程式上,清代闺秀诗文集序跋展现出了强烈的传记倾向和对妇德书写传统的承袭,女作家个人行谊事迹时常成为序跋书写的主体,诗作批评、理论阐发等则被压缩,以至于女作家的作家属性被大幅度削弱,传统性别身份如孝妇、贤妻、慈母则成为序跋作者目光聚焦之处。清代闺秀诗文集序跋具有其重要价值:序跋的获取方式体现了时代对闺秀文学的接受度、认可度及清代文学女性于文学领域内的可运作范围;序跋作者的圈层和成分能够体现女性直接和间接的交谊圈;序跋的撰述倾向则体现了时人如何看待女性作者及其文本,并展现了被邀序的文人如何巧妙地为具有敏感身份的或交集甚少的作家遣词书文,为研究序跋类应酬性文体提供了一条明朗的路径。During the Dynasty,there was a notable increase in the volume of works created by female writers,as well as in the number of publications of these works.Correspondingly,the number of prefaces and epilogues appended to these collections of poetry and prose also rose.Given the unique status of female writers and the distinct positioning of women’s literature,the prefaces and epilogues of Qing Dynasty women’s poetry and prose collections developed their own modes of acquisition,authorial circles,and stylistic conventions.In terms of acquisition mechanisms,due to the restricted status of women in seclusion,male relatives of female writers became the primary contributors of prefaces and epilogues.However,instances where female writers actively solicited prefaces from their relatives and mentors,as well as cases where male literati voluntarily contributed prefaces,were also common.Regarding the composition of authors,male relatives served as the most crucial link between female writers and the mainstream literary world.The extent of the social connections of these male relatives largely determined the potential expansion of the female writers’own social networks.Stylistically,the prefaces and epilogues of Qing Dynasty women’s poetry and prose collections exhibited a strong biographical tendency and a continuation of the tradition of writing about female virtue.The personal deeds and virtues of the female writers often became the main focus of these writings,while criticism of their poetry and theoretical elaborations were significantly reduced.The modes of acquisition reflect the era’s acceptance and recognition of women’s literature,as well as the operational scope of female writers within the literary field during the Qing Dynasty.The circles and composition of the authors of these prefaces and epilogues reveal the direct and indirect social networks of women.The stylistic tendencies of these writings demonstrate contemporary views on female authors and their texts,and show how invited writers skillfully

关 键 词：清代闺秀作家 序跋 获取机制 女性交谊 撰述程式 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]