城市轨道交通钢轨电位限制装置操作过电压抑制研究  

Research on Overvoltage Suppression During the Operation of Rail Potential Limiting Devices in Urban Rail Transit

作　　者：兰慧峰 孙建军 李国玉 王美霞 唐宇宁 刘炜[2] LAN Huifeng;SUN Jianjun;LI Guoyu;WANG Meixia;TANG Yuning;LIU Wei(Qingdao Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266045;School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]青岛地铁集团有限公司,山东青岛266045 [2]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《都市快轨交通》2025年第1期149-156,共8页Urban Rapid Rail Transit

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFC0463)。

摘　　要：为了保障人身安全,通常会在运营线路的车站和段场中安装钢轨电位限制装置(over-voltage protection device,OVPD),但当钢轨电位限制装置OVPD复归时产生的操作过电压可能会导致OVPDⅡ段动作,甚至闭锁,导致钢轨电位限制装置将大地和钢轨短接,成为杂散电流泄漏的通路。随着城市轨道运营里程的不断增加,杂散电流造成的周边电力系统直流偏磁、城市管网腐蚀损坏等问题十分严重,已经严重威胁到电力系统和油气系统的安全运行。针对异常钢轨电位引发钢轨电位限制装置误动作导致城市轨道交通杂散电流泄漏加剧的问题,提出一种城市轨道交通钢轨电位限制装置操作过电压的抑制方法,通过搭建OVPD分闸产生操作过电压的仿真模型、基于N1250接触器搭建电弧实验平台在实际地铁线路中加装钢轨过电压抑制装置等3种方式,验证本文所提方法针对操作过电压的抑制能力。结果表明,采用钢轨电位限制装置操作过电压抑制方法后,钢轨电位限制装置分闸产生的操作过电压峰值显著下降,降低了OVPD误动作的可能性,减小了杂散电流泄漏。In order to ensure personal safety,overvoltage protection devices(OVPD)are usually installed in stations and depots of operating lines.However,the overvoltage generated during the reset of the rail potential limiting device may cause the OVPD section II to act or even lock,resulting in the rail potential limiting device short circuiting the ground and rail,becoming a path for stray current leakage.With the continuous increase of urban rail operation mileage,stray currents have caused serious problems such as DC bias in the surrounding power system and corrosion damage to the urban pipeline network,which have seriously threatened the safe operation of the power system and oil and gas system.This paper proposes a suppression method for the overvoltage caused by the misoperation of the rail potential limiting device caused by abnormal rail potential,which exacerbates the leakage of stray currents in urban rail transit.The method involves constructing a simulation model of the overvoltage generated by the OVPD opening of the rail potential limiting device,constructing an arc experimental platform using N1250 contactors,and conducting grid mounted testing on actual lines.The results show that after using the overvoltage suppression method proposed in this article,the peak operating overvoltage generated by the opening of the rail potential limiting device is significantly reduced,reducing the possibility of OVPD misoperation and stray current leakage.

关 键 词：轨道交通 直流牵引供电系统 钢轨电位限制装置 钢轨电位 操作过电压 抑制措施 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]