基于控制试验的行人流特性模型及失稳研究  

Research on pedestrian flow characteristic model and instability based on controlled experiment

作　　者：郑韬 周继彪 毛新华[1,2] 董升 张振亚 ZHENG Tao;ZHOU Jibiao;MAO Xinhua;DONG Sheng;ZHANG Zhenya(School of Transportation Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710064,China;Engineering Research Center of Highway Infrastructure Digitalization,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710064,China;School of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Ningbo High Grade Highway Construction Management,Ningbo Zhejiang 315199,China;School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo Zhejiang 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学运输工程学院,陕西西安710064 [2]长安大学道路基础设施数字化教育部工程研究中心,陕西西安710064 [3]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海210804 [4]宁波市高等级公路建设管理中心,浙江宁波315199 [5]宁波工程学院建筑与交通工程学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2025年第1期146-153,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52002282,52102374)。

摘　　要：为探究行人流失稳的阈值条件,开展双人碰撞、多人碰撞和高密度多人碰撞3种不同场景的控制试验,构建考虑碰撞挤压力、速度、密度、流量的行人流模型;通过无人机与压力传感设备采集试验数据,分析得到行人轨迹、行人流特性及行人间碰撞挤压力的变化特征;在此基础上,利用分段Hermite三次插值法,探究速度、密度对碰撞挤压力大小的影响;基于Van Aerde模型,引入碰撞挤压力参数,构建力-速度-密度-流量四维模型,判断行人流失稳的阈值条件。结果表明:当行人密度达2.46人/m^(2),行人流开始失稳;当行人密度达3.59人/m^(2),行人流完全失稳;失稳过程中,行人受到的碰撞挤压力区间为[187.32,258.11]N。In order to investigate the threshold conditions for pedestrian destabilization,controlled experiments were conducted in three different scenarios,including"two-person collision experiment","multiple-person collision experiment"and"high-density multiple-person collision experiment".A pedestrian flow model was constructed,considering collision pressure,speed,density and volume.Additionally,experimental videos and collision pressure data were collected by using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and pressure sensing equipment,respectively.The changing rules of pedestrian trajectory,pedestrian flow characteristics,and collision pressure were obtained by data analysis.On this basis,the segmented Hermite triple interpolation was used to investigate the influence of speed and density on collision pressure.Finally,based on the Van Aerde model,a four-dimensional model of"pressure-speed-density-volume"was constructed by introducing the parameters of collision pressure to judge the threshold conditions of pedestrian flow instability.The results show that pedestrian flow begins at 2.46 persons/m^(2) and reaches complete instability at 3.59 persons/m^(2).During the instability process,the pedestrian may be subjected to the collision pressure ranging from 187.32 N to 258.11 N.The results provide references for the control of the pedestrian flow and the improvement of pedestrian traffic safety.

关 键 词：行人交通安全 控制试验 行人流失稳 行人流特性 碰撞挤压力 

分 类 号：X915.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]