水声定位系统中FDMA技术的应用及其MATLAB/Simulink实现  

Application of FDMA technology in underwater acoustic positioning system and its implementation in MATLAB/Simulink

作　　者：谢铭浪 罗显志 XIE Minglang;LUO Xianzhi(School of Artificial Intelligence,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学人工智能学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《湖北大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期300-309,共10页Journal of Hubei University:Natural Science

摘　　要：随着海洋资源的深入开发与利用,高精度水下定位技术显得愈发重要。本研究聚焦于水声定位系统中频分多址(FDMA)技术的应用及其效果分析,同时对码分多址(CDMA)技术进行了简要介绍以便进行对比。基于长基线(LBL)定位系统,本研究首先概述了CDMA和FDMA的基本原理以及各自在水声定位系统中的应用场景,特别是CDMA在复杂多目标定位环境中可能面临的挑战。随后,深入探讨了FDMA技术在水声定位系统中的应用优势,并详细描述了基于信号处理、频谱分配和调制解调技术的FDMA系统实现方法。在仿真阶段,通过精心设计的信号处理模块、频谱分配策略和调制解调算法,对FDMA水声定位系统的性能进行了全面的测试与优化。仿真结果表明,在水平圆周运动场景下,FDMA系统的实际定位深度与理论值仅相差0.003 m,相比之下,CDMA系统在同等条件下的误差为0.0556 m。此外,FDMA在降低系统复杂度和成本方面也展现出了显著优势。这些成果验证了FDMA技术在水声定位系统中的有效性,并为进一步提升水下目标的定位精度和系统效率提供了新的思路和方法。As ocean exploration and resource development intensify,high-precision measurement and positioning technology for underwater targets becomes vital.This research examined the application and effectiveness of Frequency Division Multiple Access(FDMA)in underwater acoustic positioning systems,with a brief introduction to Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA)for comparison.Based on Long Baseline(LBL)positioning,we outlind CDMA and FDMA principles and their application scenarios,emphasizing CDMA’s challenges in complex multi-target environments.The research delved into FDMA’s advantages,detailing its implementation leveraging signal processing,spectrum allocation,and modulation/demodulation.In simulations,tailored signal processing,spectrum allocation,and modulation/demodulation algorithms thoroughly tested and optimized FDMA performance.The simulation results indicate that,in a horizontal circular motion scenario,the actual positioning depth of the FDMA system differs from the theoretical value by only 0.003 meters,whereas the error for the CDMA system under the same conditions is 0.0556 meters.Furthermore,FDMA demonstrates significant advantages in reducing system complexity and cost.These findings validate FDMA’s efficacy in underwater positioning and offer fresh perspectives for enhancing accuracy and efficiency.

关 键 词：长基线(LBL)水声定位系统 码分多址(CDMA) 频分多址(FDMA) MATLAB Simulink 仿真验证 目标定位 

分 类 号：TN929.3[电子电信—通信与信息系统]