长期污染土壤中多环芳烃的生物修复及其在团聚体中的变化  

Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)in Long-term Contaminated Soils and Its Change in Aggregates

作　　者：胡思仪 陈海山 陈卫锋[1,2] 魏然[2,3] 倪进治[1,3] HU Siyi;CHEN Haishan;CHEN Weifeng;WEI Ran;NI Jinzhi(Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education,School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology,School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;School of Geographical Sciences,School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学福建省植物生理生态重点实验室,福州350117 [3]福建师范大学地理科学学院、碳中和未来技术学院,福州350117

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2024年第4期64-69,共6页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077130)。

摘　　要：土壤是由粒径大小不同的团聚体组成,不同团聚体中有机质含量等理化性质差异较大,其富集的多环芳烃(PAHs)含量和生物有效性也有很大的不同。利用两种性质不同的PAHs长期污染土壤,添加蚯蚓赤子爱胜(Eisenia Fetida)进行修复实验,并将土壤分成粗砂粒(>105μm)、细砂粒(54~105μm)、粗粉粒(20~54μm)、细粉粒(2~20μm)和黏粒(<2μm)5个组分,研究了蚯蚓对土壤中PAHs的修复效果和不同团聚体组分中PAHs含量的变化及其机制。结果表明,添加蚯蚓培养后,黑土对照组和实验组土壤中PAHs总量分别降低了6.57%和19.77%,水稻土对照组和实验组土壤PAHs总量分别降低了16.52%和32.28%。蚯蚓对黑土和水稻土中PAHs降解均有显著的促进作用。相较于黑土,水稻土的有机质含量较低,在修复前后土壤团聚体组成变化更大,且PAHs在团聚体组分中分布的变化与各团聚体自身含量的变化一致。总体来看,土壤团聚体组成的变化可能是影响其中PAHs消解的主要原因,大团聚体分解成小团聚体过程中会暴露出锁定在其内部的PAHs,促进了生物的降解。因此,在PAHs长期污染土壤的生物修复中,可以选择适当的土壤管理方式来促进土壤团聚体组成的动态变化,提高PAHs的生物修复效率。Soil is composed of aggregates with varying particle sizes,exhibiting significant differences in physicochemical properties such as organic matter content between different aggregates.The content and bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)enriched in these aggregates also vary significantly.Eisenia Fetida was added in two kinds of long-term PAHs-contaminated soil with different properties for bioremediation.And the soil was divided into five components based on particle size:coarse sand(>105μm),fine sand(54~105μm),coarse silt(20~54μm),fine silt(2~20μm)and clay(<2μm).The study investigated the remediation effects of earthworms on PAHs in soils,as well as the changes in PAH content within different aggregates and its mechanism.The results indicated that after earthworm cultivation,the total PAHs content in the control and experimental groups of black soil decreased by 6.57% and 19.77%,respectively,while in the control and experimental groups of paddy soil,the PAHs content decreased by 16.52% and 32.28%,respectively.Earthworms significantly enhanced the degradation of PAHs in both black soil and paddy soil.Paddy soil exhibited lower organic matter content than black soil,resulting in greater changes in aggregate composition during bioremediation,and the change of PAHs distribution in aggregates corresponded to the changes of soil aggregates composition.Overall,the change of soil aggregates composition may be the main reason affecting the dissipation of PAHs,as the breakdown of large aggregates into smaller ones exposes PAHs trapped within,thus facilitating biodegradation.Therefore,suitable soil management practices that promoting dynamic changes in soil aggregate composition can be employed to enhance the efficiency of PAHs bioremediation in long-term contaminated soil.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 粒径组分 蚯蚓 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]