基于夜光景观指数的灾区经济变化特征及其城乡差异研究  

The Analysis of Multidimensional Economic Changes and Its Urban-Rural Differences Based on the Nighttime Light Landscape Metrics

作　　者：陈佐旗 苏瑞浩 CHEN Zuoqi;SU Ruihao(Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of the Ministry of Education,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China;Academy of Digital China(Fujian),Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室,福州350116 [2]福州大学数字中国研究院(福建),福州350116

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2024年第4期136-146,共11页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801343)。

摘　　要：随着城市化进程加快和气候异常变化,台风灾害对中国亚热带地区经济发展造成的威胁和影响日益加剧。此外,中国正处于城乡融合发展的关键时期,科学评估台风灾后城乡经济变化特征具有重要意义。实地调查数据获取困难,导致传统灾损研究尺度较粗,而传统光学遥感数据难以刻画灾后经济损失。得益于夜光遥感数据具备挖掘社会经济信息的能力,使得利用该数据监测灾后经济变化有望成为传统灾损评估方法的有效补充。基于此,以2019年8月受“利奇马”台风影响的浙江省三县(市)重灾区为例,利用美国国家航空航天局(NASA)发布的高质量VNP46A3逐月夜光遥感数据,在乡镇尺度上计算了兼顾传统经济维度和新经济维度的夜间灯光景观指数,对重灾区典型乡镇灾后经济损失与恢复进行评估,并分析其城乡差异。结果表明:(1)在传统的经济总量与经济空间维度上,城市乡镇相较于农村乡镇具有更小的损失比重和更快的恢复速度;而混合乡镇的经济总量和经济空间变化复杂,其损失程度总体介于农村乡镇与城市乡镇之间。(2)平均经济水平、经济饱和度及经济均衡性这3个新维度的变化主要集中于以城市为主的乡镇,少部分集中于以农村为主的乡镇。但与平均经济水平和经济饱和度在灾后损失阶段出现下降,在恢复阶段出现上升不同的是经济均衡性在灾后损失阶段呈现上升趋势,而在恢复阶段则出现下降。上述实证分析结果表明,夜光景观指数能够在精细尺度下从不同维度客观地反映灾后经济变化。本研究也为深入了解灾害对当地经济的破坏程度并为制定具有针对性的恢复重建方案提供科学依据和指导。With the acceleration of urbanization and the abnormal changes of climate,the impact of typhoon disasters on the economic development of China's subtropical regions are increasing,especially when China is currently undergoing a critical period of integrated urban-rural development.Consequently,assessing and monitoring the economic changes after typhoon disasters,as well as their urban-rural differences,is urgent and valuable.Due to the difficulty in obtaining field survey data,the traditional disaster assessments are at coarse scales,and the traditional optical remote sensing data are inadequate in depicting the economic losses.Owing to the nighttime light remote sensing data,which have the capability to extract socioeconomic information,using this data to monitor post-disaster economic changes is expected to be an effective option.In this study,we took Linhai City,Wenling City,and Yongjia County,severely affected by Typhoon Lekima in Zhejiang Province in August 2019 as an example and utilized high-quality monthly VNP46A3 nighttime light remote sensing data released by NASA to calculate a comprehensive nighttime light landscape metrics at a finer township scale for evaluating the economic loss and recovery from multi-dimensions with considering urban-rural differences.The results revealed that in the dimension of traditional economic volume and space,urban townships exhibited a smaller proportion of loss and a faster recovery rate compared to rural townships.However,economic loss proportion of economic volume and space in the mixed townships,which contain both urban and rural regions,are varied and are generally between that in rural and urban townships.Meanwhile,the changes in the average economic level,economic saturation,and economic equilibrium predominantly concentrated in urban-dominated townships,with a smaller portion observed in rural-dominated townships.Unlike the average economic level and economic saturation showed a downtrend in the post-disaster loss period and an uptrend in the recovery period,the

关 键 词：亚热带遥感 夜间灯光景观指数 台风灾害 经济变化 城乡差异 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]