天津市防洪工程调度知识平台构建与实践  

Construction of flood control works regulation knowledge platform and practice in Tianjin

作　　者：刘业森[1,2] 赵英虎 张丽伟 李博达 李匡 郝苗[4] 王晓岭 叶凯 Liu Yesen;Zhao Yinghu;Zhang Liwei;Li Boda;Li Kuang;Hao Miao;Wang Xiaoling;Ye Kai

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心(水旱灾害防御中心),北京100038 [3]天津市水务工程运行调度中心,天津300202 [4]航天云际时空信息技术(重庆)有限公司,重庆401135

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第4期48-55,共8页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3008502);国家自然科学基金重大项目(52394235);天津市防洪调度应急指挥平台建设项目(JZ120205A0042024)。

摘　　要：数字孪生水利是新质生产力在水利领域的一个具体表现,知识平台是数字孪生流域算法之一,可为数字孪生流域提供智能化支撑。面向天津市城市防洪调度应急指挥业务需求,基于防洪调度应急指挥平台功能要求,提出了防洪工程调度知识平台构建思路以及核心由知识体系、知识引擎和知识服务组成的总体框架。研究了知识建模、知识抽取、知识融合、知识推理及知识存储的技术方法,构建了一套涵盖“知识库-主题知识图谱-知识网络”的多层次知识体系,开发了知识图谱管理引擎、大模型能力引擎和业务驱动知识引擎等多类别知识引擎,为天津市防洪调度应急指挥平台提供知识推荐与反馈能力。探索了基于知识增强大语言模型的防洪业务知识智能检索与问答系统,以及防洪调度“四预”、应急水量调度、雨洪资源利用调度等业务应用。介绍的建设经验和成果可为水利知识平台相关系统建设提供借鉴和参考。Digital twin water conservancy plays a particular role of representing new-quality productive forces in water resources field.The knowledge platform is one of the algorithms for digital twin watershed that may provide intelligent support.In order to meet the needs of emergency commanding for urban flood control regulation in Tianjin,based on the functional requirements of flood control dispatching emergency command platform,ideas of establishing knowledge platforms and a general framework consisting of knowledge system,engine and services are proposed.Studies were made on technical methods of knowledge modeling,extraction,fusion,reasoning and storage,with construction of a multi-level“database-topic graph-network”knowledge system.Multi category knowledge engines focused on graph management,large model capacity and business driven were built so as to provide recommendation and feedback for the emergency commanding platform of Tianjin Municipality.Business knowledge intelligent retrieval and question answering system were developed based on the knowledge enhanced big language model for business applications in flood forecasting,early warning,rehearsal and contingency plan,emergency water allocation,rainwater and flood water utilization.The practice shall provide experiences and guidance for the construction of other water conservancy knowledge platforms.

关 键 词：知识平台 知识图谱 知识引擎 水利大模型 防洪调度 应急水量调度 雨洪资源利用调度 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]