2023年深圳市盐田区中小学生校园内外伤害特征比较  

Characteristics of Injuries Within and Outside of the School Environment Among Primary and Secondary School Students in the Yantian District of the Shenzhen City in 2023

作　　者：冯小丽 蔡伟聪 罗诗丽 李衡[1] 彭绩[2] 陈汉青 FENG Xiao-li;CAI Wei-cong;LUO Shi-li;LI Heng;PENG Ji;CHEN Han-qing(Yantian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518083,China;Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control,Shenzhen 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市盐田区疾病预防控制中心,深圳518083 [2]深圳市慢性病防治中心,深圳518020

出　　处：《伤害医学(电子版)》2024年第3期29-34,共6页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的 了解2023年深圳市盐田区中小学生伤害流行情况,对校园内、外环境中发生的伤害流行特征进行比较。方法利用深圳市伤害监测系统,收集2023年因伤害首次在盐田区哨点医院门急诊就诊的中小学生伤害数据。采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行χ^(2)检验。结果2023年,盐田区6~18岁中小学生伤害病例共有4 723例,校园外伤害病例(68.66%)约为校园内伤害病例(31.34%)的2倍。伤害人次发生率为15.50%,男生(17.53%)高于女生(13.07%),10~12岁(20.35%)和13~15岁(19.07%)学生高于6~9岁(14.37%)和16~18岁(10.07%)学生。与校园外相比,学生在校园内发生钝器伤(35.14%vs.13.41%)、他人故意伤害(9.26%vs.1.51%)的占比更高(P<0.001),更常见在进行体育活动时发生伤害,伤害性质为挫伤/擦伤、扭伤/拉伤的比例更高,所发生伤害严重程度总体更轻微。结论男生、高年级小学生和初中生是伤害发生的高风险人群,校园外是中小学生伤害发生的主要场所。学生在校园内、外环境中发生的伤害表现出不同特征。学校、家庭及社会应根据不同学生群体及不同场所伤害发生的特点,采取针对性干预措施,降低中小学生伤害发生率。Objective To understand the prevalence of injuries among primary and secondary school students in the Yantian District of Shenzhen in 2023,and to compare the characteristics of injuries occurring inside and outside of the schools.Methods The Shenzhen Injury Surveillance System was used to collect injury data from primary and secondary school students who were treated for the first time in the outpatient and emergency departments of sentinel hospitals within Yantian District due to injuries in 2023.Chi-square tests were conducted using SPSS Statistics 26.0.Results In 2023,4723 injuries occurred among students aged 6-18 in the District were collected,with outside school injuries(68.66%)being about twice as many as inside(31.34%).The person-time injury incidence rate was 15.50%,with boys(17.53%)having a higher rate than girls(13.07%),and students aged 10-12(20.35%)and 13-15(19.07%)had higher rates than those aged 6-9(14.37%)and 16-18(10.07%).Compared to outside of school,students experienced a higher proportion of blunt object injuries(35.14%vs.13.41%)and intentional/violent harms(9.26%vs.1.51%)than within the school(P<0.001).Injuries are more commonly sustained during physical activities,with a higher proportion of contusions/bruises and sprain/pull,and the overall severity of injuries is relatively mild at school.Conclusion Boys in the senior primary and junior high schools were at high risk for injuries.Areas outside of school were the primary locations for injury.The injuries that occur in different locations showed different characteristics.Targeted interventions should therefore be taken based on the characteristics of injuries occurring in different student groups and different places,to reduce the incidence of injuries.

关 键 词：伤害 中小学生 校园 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]