“天圆地方”——论汉镜艺术意象的时空美学观念  

“Round Sky and Square Earth”--On the Aesthetics of Space and Time in the Artistic Imagery of Han Dynasty Mirrors

作　　者：初娇娇 Chu Jiaojiao(Fine Art College,Harbin Normal University)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学美术学院

出　　处：《美学与艺术评论》2024年第2期141-152,257,258,共14页Journal of Aesthetics and Art Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目《审美意象的历史发展及其理论建构研究》(21&ZD067);黑龙江省哲学社会科学基金项目《唐代审美意象的时空维度研究》(23ZWC342);黑龙江省省属高校基本科研项目《唐代艺象中的时空观研究》(2022-KYYWF-0194)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：有汉一代,人们对于宇宙时空观的思考发生重要转折,由天道到人世,由形上到艺术,从理论到实践,由此形成了汉代质朴、现世主义的时空哲学。其中,汉代铜镜艺术意象所带来的时空观念尤为引起人们的重视,为我们了解汉代的时空之美提供了重要思考向度。汉代铜镜艺术展现出“天圆地方”的时空美学观念,是一种极具中国传统特色的艺术时空观念。这一艺术时空观念蕴含四个层面:在时空范式上,汉镜艺术意象在传统“以物观时”文化思潮影响下,以“规”与“矩”为铸造规范;在时空呈现上,汉镜艺术意象旨在表现方形的空间布局以及圆形的时间意涵,在“方”与“圆”中诉说时空的流动和循环;在时空情感上,汉镜艺术意象继承了汉代的哲学思想与宇宙论,在“常”与“守”的追寻中体现着古人对于永恒的祝愿与期望;在时空启示上,汉镜艺术意象以“天人合一”为基本诉求,在汉代俯仰往复的时空观中将个体生命融入整个宇宙时空中,天、地与人达成一种和谐统一的审美关系。汉镜艺术意象的时空美学观念将岁岁年年的日常伦理嵌入艺术时空之美中,成为汉代时空美学研究的鲜明代表,也进一步开启后世艺术对时空形式的探索之路。In the Han Dynasty,people's thoughts on the concept of time and space about the universe ran from heaven to the human world,from the form level to the art level,from the theory level to the practice level,and thus formed the simple and secularist space-time philosophy of the Han Dynasty.Among them,the concept of time and space brought by the artistic image of bronze mirrors in Han Dynasty has attracted people's attention,which provides an important dimension for us to understand the beauty of time and space in Han Dynasty.The bronze mirror art exhibition of the Han Dynasty shows the concept of time and space aesthetics,which is a kind of art time and space concept with Chinese traditional characteristics.This concept of artistic time and space contains four aspects:In the time and space paradigm,the artistic image of Han mirror,under the influence of the traditional cultural trend of“time with things”,takes“rules”and“moments”as the casting norms;In the presentation of time and space,the artistic image of Han mirror aims to express the square space layout and the circular time meaning,telling the flow and circulation of time and space in the“square”and“circle”.On the emotion of time and space,the artistic image of Han mirror inherits the philosophical thought and cosmology of Han Dynasty,and embodies the ancient people's wishes and wings for eternity in the pursuit of“constant”and“Shou”.In terms of time and space revelation,the artistic image of Han mirror takes“the unity of heaven and man”as its basic appeal,and integrates individual life into the whole universe and space in the Han Dynasty's uplifting view of time and space,and reaches a harmonious and unified aesthetic relationship between heaven,earth and human.The time and space aesthetic concept of Han mirror art image imparts daily ethics into the beauty of time and space of art year after year,becoming a distinct representative of the study of time and space aesthetics of Han Dynasty,and further opens the way for later art t

关 键 词：汉镜艺术意象 规矩 方圆 天人 时空观 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]