盐碱地增施氮肥对重金属污染盐地碱蓬铅富集量的影响  

Effects of increased nitrogen fertilizer on lead accumulation of Suaeda salsa in heavy metal-contaminated saline land

作　　者：侯小兰 李晓刚 封晓辉[2] HOU Xiaolan;LI Xiaogang;FENG Xiaohui(College of Forestry,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北石家庄050022

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第2期295-305,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA0440402);中国科学院工程实验室建设项目(KFJ-PTXM-017);河北省重点研发计划项目(22326416D)。

摘　　要：盐生植物是盐碱地重金属污染生物修复的主要植物。为探究重度盐碱地增施氮肥对盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)生长和铅(Pb)富集的影响,本研究采用盆栽试验,在3个土壤盐分水平下设置3种氮肥处理,分析了盐地碱蓬的生长、Pb富集和渗透调节特征。结果表明,施氮肥可显著增加盐地碱蓬地上部生物量,且底肥效果大于追肥(P<0.05)。施底肥时,高盐下盐地碱蓬地上部的Pb含量最高,为34.53 mg·kg^(−1),同时Pb富集量也最高,为350.77 mg;而追肥处理时,中、高盐条件下盐地碱蓬地上部干重和Pb富集量均高于不施肥处理;氮肥影响渗透调节物质,施底肥时以脯氨酸为主,而不施肥和追肥以可溶性糖为主,底肥显著增加了Ca^(2+)的积累。结果证明,以底肥的形式增施氮肥可以提高盐地碱蓬的生物量,增强盐生植物对盐碱地Pb污染的生物修复效果。Halophytes are the most commonly used plants for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution in saline lands.To assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and lead(Pb)-accumulating capacity of Suaeda salsa in heavy metalcontaminated saline land,we conducted a pot experiment to analyze the growth,Pb accumulation,and osmotic regulation characteristics of S.salsa at three soil salt levels.The results revealed that nitrogen fertilization can promote significant increases in the aboveground biomass of plants,and that in this regard,the effects of base fertilization were more pronounced than those attributable to topdressing(P<0.05).In response to the application of base fertilizer under high salt conditions,the highest Pb content in the aboveground parts was 34.53 mg·kg^(−1),and the highest Pb enrichment was 350.77 mg.In addition,under moderate-and high-salt conditions,the dry weight and Pb content of plants were higher than those in plants without fertilizer treatment.Nitrogen fertilization was also found to have an effect on osmotic regulatory substances.Proline was the main osmotic regulator detected in plants receiving base fertilizer,whereas soluble sugars were the main osmotic regulators in plants receiving no fertilizer or a topdressing.Furthermore,base fertilization promoted a significant increase in Ca^(2+)accumulation.These findings reveal that by promoting increases in aboveground biomass,the application of nitrogen fertilizer in Pb-polluted saline soil can contribute to enhancing the biological remediation effects of halophytes.

关 键 词：盐地碱蓬 盐碱地 氮肥 土壤铅污染 生物修复 渗透调节 植物离子 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]