2014-2022年安徽省城市生活饮用水水质情况分析  

Urban drinking water quality in Anhui Province in 2014-2022

作　　者：徐艳龙[1] 马蕾 冯晓亮[1] 王志强[1] 随鑫淼 李飞[1] 郑莉[1] 徐庆华[1] XU Yanlong;MA Lei;FENG Xiaoliang;WANG Zhiqiang;SUI Xinmiao;LI Fei;ZHENG Li;XU Qinghua(Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2025年第2期35-38,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省疾病预防控制中心(安徽省公共卫生研究院)青年科研项目(JKQN20230304)。

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省2014-2022年城市生活饮用水水质情况及其影响因素,为水质提高和防护提供科学依据。方法分析安徽省城市生活饮用水优质状况,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》GB/T 5750-2006进行采集、保存和监测,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB 5749-2006对数据进行评价。结果2014-2022年分析城市监测水样20941份,合格水样17645份,水样合格率为84.26%,城市饮用水合格率从2014年的76.9%提高至2022年的93.3%,水质合格率总体呈上升趋势(x^(2)=544.43,P<0.01)。枯水期水质合格率高于丰水期水质合格率(x^(2)=35.98,P<0.001),地表水的水质合格率高于地下水水质合格率(2=4440.8,P<0.001),末梢水合格率高于出厂水合格率(2=145.1,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。各种消毒方式中,氯化消毒的水质合格率(90.18%)最高(x^(2)=1483.8,P<0.001)。水质合格率随着水厂规模的增加而增加。所检指标中不合格指标主要是二氧化氯(7.72%)、氟化物(7.41%)、游离性余氯(3.90%)、菌落总数(2.13%)等。结论安徽省城市生活饮用水水质合格率呈上升趋势,城市生活饮用水水质有所改善,但仍需关注水中消毒剂指标、氟化物指标和微生物指标不合格的问题,各地水质合格率差异较大。Objective To analyze the urban drinking water quality and its influencing factors in Anhui Province from 2014 to 2022,and to provide a scientific basis for water quality improvement and protection.Methods The data were collected,saved and monitored according to the Standard Test Method for Drinking Water(GB/T5750-2006)and evaluated according to the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water(GB 5749-2006).Results A total of 20941 samples were collected,and the overall qualified rate was 84.26%.The qualified rate of urban drinking water increased from 76.9%in 2014 to 93.3%in 2022,and the qualified rate of water quality was on the rise(x^(2)=544.43,P<0.01).From 2014 to 2022,the qualified rate of water quality in dry season was higher than that in wet season(x^(2)=35.98,P<0.001),the qualified rate of surface water was higher than that of ground water(2=4440.8,P<0.001),and the qualified rate of peripheral tap water was higher than that of factory water(x^(2)=145.1,P<0.001).Among all kinds of disinfection methods,chlorination disinfection had the highest qualified rate(x^(2)=1483.8,P<0.001).The qualified rate of water quality increased with the increase of the scale of water plant.Among the inspected indicators,the main unqualified indicators were chlorine dioxide(7.72%),fluoride(7.41%),free residual chlorine(3.90%),and total bacterial count(2.13%).Conclusion The passing rate of urban drinking water quality in Anhui Province is on an upward trend,and the quality of urban drinking water has improved.However,it is still important to pay attention to the problem of excessive microorganism and fluoride in water,and the quality of drinking water varies from place to place.

关 键 词：城市 生活饮用水 水质分析 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]